The present disclosure provides a lens driving apparatus comprising: a base comprising insulated first and second conductive terminals; a supporting frame provided with third conductive terminal electrically connected to second conductive terminal; a barrel comprising insulated first and second conductive wires; and elastic members made of memory alloys and comprising first and second elastic members. The first elastic member has one end fixed to supporting frame and electrically connected to third conductive terminal and another end fixed to barrel and electrically connected to first conductive wire to form current loop for driving barrel to move in positive or negative direction of optical axis. The second elastic member has one end fixed to base and electrically connected to first conductive terminal, and another end fixed to barrel and electrically connected to second conductive wire to form current loop for driving barrel to move in negative or positive direction of optical axis.

The present disclosure is an electrical power generating and storage unit configured to generate electricity using magnetic forces and gravitational forces. The power generator can be scaled for various applications, including mobile and stationary power production. One example of the power generator includes nano-coated coils placed along the walls of a cylindrical housing around a centrally placed sphere containing a gel compound. The gel compound is produced by an electrochemical reaction between metals and a salt contained in a supersolution.

The present disclosure is an electrical power generating and storage unit configured to generate electricity using magnetic forces and gravitational forces. The power generator can be scaled for various applications, including mobile and stationary power production. One example of the power generator includes nano-coated coils placed along the walls of a cylindrical housing around a centrally placed sphere containing a gel compound. The gel compound is produced by an electrochemical reaction between metals and a salt contained in a supersolution.

A non-destructive examination (NDE) system for use on a structural element comprises nano-energetic actuators configured for creating a controlled combustion in response to thermal energy, thereby inducing vibrations in a surface of the structural element. The NDE system further comprises sensors configured for measuring the vibrations induced in the surface of the structural element and generating vibration data. An applique comprises a planar substrate, nano-energetic actuators affixed to the planar substrate, each configured for creating controlled combustions in response to thermal energy, and an adhesive affixed to the planar substrate, such that the applique can be adhered to a structural element. A means of transportation having an accumulation of ice comprises a structural element, and nano-energetic actuators, each configured for creating a controlled combustion in response to thermal energy, thereby inducing vibrations in a surface of the structural element great enough to generate cracks in the ice.

A non-destructive examination (NDE) system for use on a structural element comprises nano-energetic actuators configured for creating a controlled combustion in response to thermal energy, thereby inducing vibrations in a surface of the structural element. The NDE system further comprises sensors configured for measuring the vibrations induced in the surface of the structural element and generating vibration data. An applique comprises a planar substrate, nano-energetic actuators affixed to the planar substrate, each configured for creating controlled combustions in response to thermal energy, and an adhesive affixed to the planar substrate, such that the applique can be adhered to a structural element. A means of transportation having an accumulation of ice comprises a structural element, and nano-energetic actuators, each configured for creating a controlled combustion in response to thermal energy, thereby inducing vibrations in a surface of the structural element great enough to generate cracks in the ice.

An optical actuator (302), comprising: a base (100); a lens module (202) comprising two first side surfaces (204) opposite each other; and a plurality of shape memory alloy wires (203) forming two wire groups, the two wire groups being disposed on the two first side surfaces (204), respectively, wherein two ends of each shape memory alloy wire (203) are fixed to a base-end fixing device (206) and a lens-end fixing device (207), respectively; and the direction of the resultant force acting on the lens module (202) by the two wire groups is consistent with the direction of the optical axis of the lens module (202), so that the lens module (202) is driven to move along the direction of the optical axis of the lens module (202) by means of expansion and contraction of the shape memory alloy wires (203) of the two wire groups.

An optical actuator (302), comprising: a base (100); a lens module (202) comprising two first side surfaces (204) opposite each other; and a plurality of shape memory alloy wires (203) forming two wire groups, the two wire groups being disposed on the two first side surfaces (204), respectively, wherein two ends of each shape memory alloy wire (203) are fixed to a base-end fixing device (206) and a lens-end fixing device (207), respectively; and the direction of the resultant force acting on the lens module (202) by the two wire groups is consistent with the direction of the optical axis of the lens module (202), so that the lens module (202) is driven to move along the direction of the optical axis of the lens module (202) by means of expansion and contraction of the shape memory alloy wires (203) of the two wire groups.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is proposed a capacitive radiofrequency MicroElectroMechanical System or capacitive RF MEMS comprising a metallic membrane suspended above an RF transmission line and resting on ground planes, and exhibiting a lower face, an upper face opposite to the lower face and a first layer comprising a refractory metallic material at least partially covering the upper face of the membrane so as to prevent the heating of the membrane.

The present disclosure provides a displacement amplification structure and a method for controlling displacement. In one aspect, the displacement amplification structure of the present disclosure includes a first beam and a second beam substantially parallel to the first beam, an end of the first beam coupled to a fixture site, and an end of the second beam coupled to a motion actuator; and a motion shutter coupled to an opposing end of the first and second beams. In response to a displacement of the motion actuator along an axis direction of the second beam, the motion shutter displaces a distance along a transversal direction substantially perpendicular to the axis direction.

The present disclosure provides a displacement amplification structure and a method for controlling displacement. In one aspect, the displacement amplification structure of the present disclosure includes a first beam and a second beam substantially parallel to the first beam, an end of the first beam coupled to a fixture site, and an end of the second beam coupled to a motion actuator; and a motion shutter coupled to an opposing end of the first and second beams. In response to a displacement of the motion actuator along an axis direction of the second beam, the motion shutter displaces a distance along a transversal direction substantially perpendicular to the axis direction.