A method for multi-dimensional modulation of a network protocol including control data and payload data. The method includes encoding a first sine wave with the control data; encoding a second sine wave with the payload data; and summing the first and second sine waves to generate a compound sine wave. In some embodiments, the control data is header information for a first Ethernet packet and post-payload data for a second Ethernet packet; and the payload data is payload data for the second Ethernet packet.

A method for multi-dimensional modulation of a network protocol including control data and payload data. The method includes encoding a first sine wave with the control data; encoding a second sine wave with the payload data; and summing the first and second sine waves to generate a compound sine wave. In some embodiments, the control data is header information for a first Ethernet packet and post-payload data for a second Ethernet packet; and the payload data is payload data for the second Ethernet packet.

A method for multi-dimensional modulation of a network protocol including control data and payload data. The method includes encoding a first sine wave with the control data; encoding a second sine wave with the payload data; and summing the first and second sine waves to generate a compound sine wave. In some embodiments, the control data is header information for a first Ethernet packet and post-payload data for a second Ethernet packet; and the payload data is payload data for the second Ethernet packet.

A nonlinear laser scanning microscope with an electrical high-order modulation extraction module is provided to enhance image contrast/signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based on first-order modulated nonlinear signals. Specifically, it uses a photodetector in the photon-to-electron conversion process. After the process, the frequency of the first-order modulation (1M) is extracted to obtain a better SNR, significantly improving the image contrast/SNR in laser scanning microscopy imaging. When the image contrast/SNR is improved to a certain extent, the image acquisition time can be shortened, and the imaging depth can be further extended, resulting in images obtained with first-order modulation (1M) having better quality than those obtained without signal modulation.