The continuous demand for capacity and the limited available spectrum in wireless and wired communication has led to reliance on advanced modulation techniques to dramatically increase the number of bits per hertz per second. This demand in capacity and using the higher order constellations shorten the link range, and as a result, system gain becomes an important characteristic. The modulation techniques described here improve the system gain by, e.g., as much as 2.5 dB in high order modulations such as 4096-QAM. The modulation techniques include reducing the peak to average ratio and adding shaping gain. These techniques dramatically improve the system capacity, system gain, power consumption and system cost.

The present invention is directed to data communication system and methods. More specifically, various embodiments of the present invention provide a communication interface that is configured to transfer data at high bandwidth using nDSQ format(s) over optical communication networks. In certain embodiments, the communication interface is used by various devices, such as spine switches and leaf switches, within a spine-leaf network architecture, which allows large amount of data to be shared among servers.

A method for optimizing reception of a polarized single-carrier transmission, including transmitting a polarized single-carrier transmission to a receiver, receiving feedback from the receiver of a figure of merit of the polarized single-carrier transmission, and electronically changing polarization of the polarized single-carrier transmission based on the feedback. A single-carrier communication transmitter including a source for a polarized single-carrier transmission signal, a circuit for receiving feedback from a receiver describing a figure of merit of a received polarized single-carrier transmission, and a circuit for changing polarization of the polarized single-carrier transmission signal, based on the feedback. Related apparatus, systems and methods are also described.

Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures for high speed frequency hopping distributed acoustic sensing using an acousto-optic modulated (AOM), gated re-circulating loop and a frequency shifted receiver local oscillator. Using the re-circulating loop controlled by the AOM to generate frequency-hopping pulse(s) increases DAS acoustic bandwidth overcomes infirmities exhibited in the art that generate multiple frequency patterns that are not suitable for long-distance DAS. Additionally, by employing frequency shifted local oscillator (LO) with asymmetric in band detection, bandwidth requirements are reduced by one half.

The disclosure relates to a magnetic communication method that does not use induction. For example, a transmitter device may generate a magnetic field in a controlled direction and rotate the magnetic field around one or more axes. As such, an angle according to which the magnetic field is rotated at the transmitter device may be used as a variable upon which to encode data transmitted to a receiver device that can sense a direction of the magnetic field along two or more axes. Furthermore, to achieve higher data rates, multiple rotation angles could be used to encode the data transmitted from the transmitter device to the receiver device, which may further improve security because reading and/or generating the modulated magnetic field may be increasingly difficult from any significant distance away from the transmitter device and the receiver device.

Disclosed is a variable coding method for realizing chip reuse, comprising the following steps: using at least two identical integrated circuit chips, wherein each integrated circuit chip executes different control logic truth tables according to different gating signals; introducing at least one logical control signal as a gating signal; and controlling the logical control signal, so that each integrated circuit chip respectively executes a corresponding control logic truth table. Also disclosed is a communication terminal using the variable coding method for realizing chip reuse. Two or more completely identical integrated circuit chips can be used to realize different logical control functions, thereby simplifying the type of a chip for realizing a system function, and greatly reducing the development costs of an integrated circuit system and the management complexity of a mass production supply chain.

Disclosed is a variable coding method for realizing chip reuse, comprising the following steps: using at least two identical integrated circuit chips, wherein each integrated circuit chip executes different control logic truth tables according to different gating signals; introducing at least one logical control signal as a gating signal; and controlling the logical control signal, so that each integrated circuit chip respectively executes a corresponding control logic truth table. Also disclosed is a communication terminal using the variable coding method for realizing chip reuse. Two or more completely identical integrated circuit chips can be used to realize different logical control functions, thereby simplifying the type of a chip for realizing a system function, and greatly reducing the development costs of an integrated circuit system and the management complexity of a mass production supply chain.

This application discloses a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device receives first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information indicates a first time interval. The first time interval is an interval between an end time point of a first signal and a start time point of a second signal. The terminal device receives or sends the second signal at least after the first time interval elapses after the first signal. The first signal and the second signal are sent in a same BWP. A first filter parameter corresponding to the first signal is different from a second filter parameter corresponding to the second signal. The first time interval is related to switching duration of the terminal device.

The continuous demand for capacity and the limited available spectrum in wireless and wired communication has led to reliance on advanced modulation techniques to dramatically increase the number of bits per hertz per second. This demand in capacity and using the higher order constellations shorten the link range, and as a result, system gain becomes an important characteristic. The modulation techniques described here improve the system gain by, e.g., as much as 2.5 dB in high order modulations such as 4096-QAM. The modulation techniques include reducing the peak to average ratio and adding shaping gain. These techniques dramatically improve the system capacity, system gain, power consumption and system cost.

A system and method for MIB estimation including generating a signal model for rank=2, based on the reference signals of a received wireless signal; converting the signal model to a four-parameter representation; determining, for values of parameters derived from the four-parameter representation, whether mutual information per bit (MIB) values depend on a single parameter or on a plurality of parameters; if the MIB values depend on the single parameter, calculating MIB values based on the single parameter; and if the MIB values depend on the plurality of parameters, calculating MIB values based on the plurality of parameters. Calculating MIB values based on the single parameter, determining, whether MIB values depend on a single parameter or on a plurality of parameters and, calculating MIB values based on the plurality of parameters, are performed using a machine learning algorithm.