According to the present invention, a base station is provided with: a control circuit that, through non-orthogonal multiplexing, allocates a first transmission power to a first signal corresponding to a first terminal type and allocates a second transmission power to a second signal corresponding to a second terminal type; and a transmission circuit that transmits the first signal and second signal having been non-orthogonally multiplexed.

A synchronizer can include a symbol estimator, an inner-pattern de-mapper, a timing tracker, and a correlator. The symbol estimator can be configured to estimate one or more symbols of a received signal based on a phase signal. The inner-pattern de-mapper can be configured to de-map the one or more symbols to generate an inner-pattern de-mapped symbol estimation. The timing tracker can be configured to accumulate the inner-pattern de-mapped symbol estimation and to determine a peak position based on the accumulated inner-pattern de-mapped symbol estimation. The correlator can be configured to correlate the accumulated inner-pattern de-mapped symbol estimation based on a reference signal. The correlation of the accumulated inner-pattern de-mapped symbol estimation can be independent of a signal over sampling rate (OSR). The synchronizer can be adapted in a long range Bluetooth low energy (BLE) receiver.

When a plurality of the subcarrier spacing values are applied, a reference signal is generated by using a sequence having a sequence length corresponding to a first ratio of a first subcarrier spacing set for transmission data to the maximum settable subcarrier spacing. The sequence of the reference signal is mapped to a frequency resource at mapping intervals in accordance with a second ratio which is the reciprocal of the first ratio, and the transmission data and the reference signal are transmitted.

The present disclosure provides a base station capable of improving the frequency utilization efficiency in uplink. In the base station (100), a receiver (112) receives a transmission signal to be repeatedly transmitted over a plurality of allocation units, and a reception signal processor (114) demodulates the transmission signal based on a combination of non-orthogonal multiple access where signals of a plurality of terminals are not orthogonal with each other, and orthogonal multiple access where signals of a plurality of terminals are orthogonal with each other.

A communication system includes a communication apparatus and a base station. The communication apparatus includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) transformer which transforms a time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal with a DFT size that is a product of powers of a plurality of values; a mapper which maps the frequency-domain signal on a plurality of frequency bands, each frequency band being located at a position separate from position(s) of other(s) of the plurality of frequency bands; and a signal generator which generates a single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) time-domain signal from the mapped signal. The base station includes a receiver which receives the SC-FDMA time-domain signal; a combiner which generates the frequency-domain signal from the SC-FDMA time-domain signal; and a transformer which transforms the frequency-domain signal into the time-domain signal with an inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) having the DFT size.

A communication system includes a communication apparatus and a base station. The communication apparatus includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) transformer which transforms a time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal with a DFT size that is a product of powers of a plurality of values; a mapper which maps the frequency-domain signal on a plurality of frequency bands, each frequency band being located at a position separate from position(s) of other(s) of the plurality of frequency bands; and a signal generator which generates a single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) time-domain signal from the mapped signal. The base station includes a receiver which receives the SC-FDMA time-domain signal; a combiner which generates the frequency-domain signal from the SC-FDMA time-domain signal; and a transformer which transforms the frequency-domain signal into the time-domain signal with an inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) having the DFT size.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services..

The present invention is designed to improve spectral efficiency in a system that runs LTE/LTE-A by using a carrier in which LBT (Listen Before Talk) is configured. One aspect of the present invention provides a radio base station in a radio communication system where the radio base station and a user terminal communicate by using a carrier in which LBT is configured, and this radio base station has a measurement section that executes LBT in a predetermined carrier sensing duration and acquires an LBT result, and a transmission section that transmits a downlink signal based on the LBT result, and the predetermined carrier sensing duration includes a first carrier sensing duration and a second carrier sensing duration, which is shorter than the first carrier sensing duration.

A terminal transmits and receives a slot configured with a plurality of symbols. The terminal sets a length of a cyclic prefix added to each symbol based on a degree of compression of each symbol in time domain.

The present invention provides a base station apparatus, a terminal apparatus, and a communication method, which, are capable of throughput improvement. A base station apparatus that communicates with a terminal apparatus, includes a higher layer processing unit that configures a CSI process that is a configuration relating to reporting of a channel state information (CSI), for the terminal apparatus for which a prescribed transmission mode is configured, in which the CSI process includes a configuration of a CSI reference signal and a configuration relating to two different code books. A terminal apparatus that communicates with a base station apparatus, includes a higher layer processing unit for which a CSI process that is a configuration relating to reporting of channel state information (CSI) is configured by the base station apparatus, and a transmission unit that transmits the CSI based on the CSI process, in which the CSI information includes a configuration of a CSI reference signal and a configuration relating to two different code books.