Disclosed are methods, apparatus and systems for resource allocation when configurable bandwidths are available. One method includes performing a first transmission using a first set of resources in a first bandwidth, and subsequently performing a second transmission using a second set of resources in a second bandwidth, where the first bandwidth is greater than the second bandwidth, where the first and second set of resources are identified by a first and second value, respectively, and where a bit representation of the first value is a zero-padded version of a bit representation of the second value on either the most significant bit (MSB) or the least significant bit (LSB).

Disclosed is a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G communication system such as LTE. A method for communicating with user equipment (UE) by a base station is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: identifying a type of one or more services required by the UE; notifying the UE of information on a configuration of a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer configured according to the identified type of one or more services; and communicating with the UE on the basis of the information on the configuration of the MAC layer and the PHY layer configured according to the identified type of one or more services.

Disclosed is a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G communication system such as LTE. A method for communicating with user equipment (UE) by a base station is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: identifying a type of one or more services required by the UE; notifying the UE of information on a configuration of a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer configured according to the identified type of one or more services; and communicating with the UE on the basis of the information on the configuration of the MAC layer and the PHY layer configured according to the identified type of one or more services.

An adaptive set of RTA Adaptive EDCA rules and structures are provided to allow non-AP STAs to transmit RTA packets inside a R-TWT SP. The RTA Adaptive EDCA Parameter Set can be selected in response to receiving a trigger from the associated AP, or by pre-configuration. Non-AP STAs, as R-TWT member or non-member of the current R-TWT SP, can switch from using the regular EDCA parameters to the new RTA Adaptive EDCA parameters inside the R-TWT SP. Various rules are described for duration of use, while the AP can prevent STAs from using the new RTA Adaptive EDCA at any time inside of the R-TWT SP.

The disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The disclosure provides a method and apparatus for configuring a relay node. A first node transmits to a second node a message that carries information on a radio bearer for a user accessing the second node. Configuration of the radio bearer for data transmission in a multi-hop network is realized through the above method and apparatus.

A network device for a communications network includes a port configured to transmit data to the network at a maximum transmit data rate. The device also includes a transmit buffer configured to buffer data units that are ready for transmission to the network, and a packet buffer configured to buffer data units before the data units are ready for transmission. The packet buffer is configured to output data units at a maximum packet buffer transmission rate faster than the maximum transmit data rate. The device includes a rate controller configured to control a transmission rate of data from the packet buffer to the transmit buffer so that averaged over a period, the transmission rate from the packet buffer to the transmit buffer is at most equal to the maximum transmit data rate, while allowing the transmission rate, at one or more time intervals, to exceed the maximum transmit data rate.

An information transmission method, an information transmission apparatus, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium. The information transmission method includes: determining, by a first centralized unit, resource configuration coordination information; and sending, by the first centralized unit, a first message carrying the resource configuration coordination information to a second centralized unit.

A data distribution system and method are described herein to improve the distribution of market information to subscribing client devices. Market information updates are provided to subscribing devices over a communication link every time a change in the market occurs. If a bandwidth limitation is reached on the communication link, the preferred embodiments switch to a second mode of transmission such that the market information updates are provided only at predetermined intervals. The preferred embodiment monitors the bandwidth consumption to determine what mode of transmission to apply, and in response, it can dynamically change between modes of transmission. By dynamically adjusting the mode of transmission to comport with the current network bandwidth, the preferred embodiments may provide a network friendly, data intensive, and fast response market information feed.

Described herein are a method and device for transmitting data. The method includes: determining a plurality of carriers or carrier groups for transmitting duplicated data according to a plurality of logical channels for carrying the duplicated data, wherein at least two logical channels in the plurality of logical channels correspond to different carriers or carrier groups for transmitting the duplicated data; transmitting the duplicated data carried in the plurality of logical channels respectively on the plurality of carriers or carrier groups; wherein in the plurality of logical channels, different logical channels correspond to different media access control (MAC) entities; wherein at least two logical channels in the plurality of logical channels corresponding to different carriers or carrier groups for transmitting the duplicated data comprises: in the MAC entities corresponding to the plurality of logical channels, different MAC entities correspond to different carriers or carrier groups.

Methods and systems to estimate encrypted multi-path TCP (MPTCP) network traffic include restricting traffic in a first direction (e.g., uplink) to a single path, and estimating traffic of multiple subflows of a second direction (e.g., downlink) based on traffic over the single path of the first direction. The estimating may be based on, without limitation, acknowledgment information of the single path, a sequence of acknowledgment numbers of the single path, an unencrypted initial packet sent over the single path as part of a secure tunnel setup procedure, TCP header information of the unencrypted initial packet (e.g., sequence number, acknowledgment packet, and/or acknowledgment packet length), and/or metadata of packets of the single path (e.g., regarding cryptographic algorithms, Diffie-Helman groups, and/or certificate related data).