System for storing and using energy quantum mechanically includes an electronic device that produces heat while operating. A quantum heat engine can be in thermal contact with and electrically connected to the electronic device. The heat produced by the electronic device can dissipate to the quantum heat engine. The quantum heat engine can induce a current to bias the electronic device. Methods for storing and using memory resource to convert heat into electrical work, coherence capacitors, methods for quantum energy storage, and quantum heat engines, are also disclosed.

To protect the surface of a member exposed to a high-temperature environment and detect surface temperature or heat flow distribution, this magnetic thermoelectric conversion element, which is provided on the surface of a support in contact with a heat source, has: a magnetic body; an electromotive body which is magnetically coupled to the magnetic body and has electrical conductivity; and a heat-resistant metal oxide film covering the magnetic body and the electromotive body.

A thermoelectric conversion element includes a cable. The cable includes a first member extended in the axis direction of the cable, and a second member extended in the axis direction to cover at least a part of the outer face of the first member. One of the first and second members is a magnetic body. The other of the first and second members is a conductive body formed of material exhibiting a spin orbit coupling.

A device for guiding charge carriers and uses of the device are proposed, wherein the charge carriers are guided by means of a magnetic field along a curved or angled main path in a two-dimensional electron gas, in a thin superconducting layer or in a modification of carbon with a hexagonal crystal structure, so that a different presence density is produced at electrical connections.

The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to ensure a strength that allows thermoelectric evaluation to be performed even when sintering is carried out at a temperature lower than the minimum sintering temperature of a power generation layer, in a thermoelectric conversion element. For this purpose, this thermoelectric conversion element is characterized by being provided with a power generation layer and support layers including a sintered body, wherein the power generation layer is provided with a metal-magnetic insulator composite structure in which metal is formed in a net shape around a granulated magnetic body, the support layers are formed so as to be in contact with the top and bottom or the right and left of the power generation layer, and the minimum sintering temperature of the support layers is lower than the minimum sintering temperature of the power generation layer.

A thermoelectric conversion element 10 includes an anomalous Nernst material 11 having the anomalous Nernst effect, in which: the anomalous Nernst material 11 includes at least an element having the inverse spin-Hall effect; and the element is spin-polarized. By applying, for example, a magnetic field to such the thermoelectric conversion element 10 in the x direction and a temperature gradient thereto in the z direction, thermoelectromotive force can be taken out from terminals 12.

A thermoelectric module includes a plurality of thermoelectric components, a first electrode and a second electrode. The thermoelectric components have the same type of semiconductor material. The first electrode includes a first parallel connection part and a first serial connection part. The plurality of thermoelectric components is electrically connected to the first parallel connection part and each of the plurality of thermoelectric components is separated from one another. The first serial connection part is configured for being electrically connected to other electrical components. The plurality of thermoelectric components is electrically connected to the second electrode and located between the first parallel connection part and the second electrode.

A method for forming a junction in a germanium (Ge) layer of a substrate includes arranging the substrate in a processing chamber. The method includes performing a plasma pretreatment on the substrate in the processing chamber for a predetermined pretreatment period using a pretreatment plasma gas mixture including hydrogen gas species. The method includes supplying a doping plasma gas mixture to the processing chamber including a phosphorous (P) gas species and an antimony (Sb) gas species. The method includes striking plasma in the processing chamber for a predetermined doping period. The method includes annealing the substrate during a predetermined annealing period to form the junction in the germanium (Ge) layer.

According to one embodiment, a power generation element includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a first member, and a second member. The first member includes a first crystal and is provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The first crystal has a wurtzite structure. The second member is separated from the first member and is provided between the first member and the second conductive layer. A <000-1> direction of the first crystal has a component from the first member toward the second member.

A thermoelectric conversion element is made of a material with a band structure having Weyl points in the vicinity of Fermi energy. The thermoelectric conversion element has a thermoelectric mechanism for generating electromotive force by the anomalous Nernst effect. A thermoelectric conversion device includes a substrate; and a power generator provided on the substrate and including a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements. Each of the plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements has a shape extending in one direction, and is made of a material identical to that of the above-mentioned thermoelectric conversion element. The plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements is arranged in parallel to one another in a direction perpendicular to the one direction and electrically connected in series to one another in a serpentine shape.