A process and system for preparing C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream containing hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a first reaction zone, contacting the feed stream and a hybrid catalyst in the first reaction zone, introducing a reaction zone product stream into a water removal zone that is downstream from the first reaction zone, and introducing a product stream from the water removal zone into a second reaction zone, resulting in a final stream comprising C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 hydrocarbons. The hybrid catalyst includes a methanol synthesis component and a microporous solid acid component; the microporous solid acid component is a molecular sieve having 8-MR access. The water removal zone removes at least a portion of water from the reaction zone product stream.

A process for converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen into a product stream comprising carbon monoxide, water and hydrogen by introducing carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen into a reaction vessel, and performing a reverse water gas shift reaction at elevated temperature, wherein (a) no catalyst is present in vessel (b) gas stream comprising carbon dioxide, a hydrogen and an oxygen rich gas stream are introduced into the vessel in separate feed streams, (c) the hydrogen and oxygen rich gas stream being introduced in close vicinity of each other, via burner comprising coaxial channels wherein gases undergo a combustion reaction, providing the heating energy required for the reverse water-gas shift reaction; and (d) the temperature in vessel is in the range of 1000 to 1500? C. by varying the molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. It is useful in reducing the carbon footprint of certain industrial technologies, and in production of synthesis gas.

The invention provides a process for preparing liquid fuels and chemicals, which process comprises feeding carbon monoxide and hydrogen to a hydrogenation reactor, wherein the molar ratio CO:H.sub.2 is in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:0.9, catalytically hydrogenating said carbon monoxide in said hydrogenation reactor, condensing the effluent of said hydrogenation reactor to recover one or more organic liquid(s) and an aqueous solution, feeding a non-condensable component of said effluent into an oligomerization reactor; condensing an effluent discharged from the oligomerization reactor to obtain an additional organic liquid and an additional gaseous stream, separating said additional organic liquid, and either combusting said additional gaseous stream to produce heat and electricity, or processing same to obtain recyclable gaseous streams utilizable in said process.

The present disclosure provides a process for forming a biogenic carbon-based fuel or a fuel intermediate from biogenic carbon dioxide and hydrogen. At least a portion of the biogenic carbon dioxide and hydrogen is subjected to a reverse water gas shift reaction that produces at least carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide so produced, the biogenic carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are introduced, together or separately, to a biologic or chemical conversion process to produce the fuel or fuel intermediate.

A process of catalytically dehydrogenating an alkane to an alkene, using Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 as a catalyst, where the catalyst is oxidized to CrO.sub.3 during the dehydrogenation, and is regenerated by using CO as a reducing gas. In regenerating the catalyst with CO, CO.sub.2 is produced, which may be fed to a dehydrogenation reactor with the alkane and reacted with H.sub.2 produced by the dehydrogenation, to form CO and H.sub.2O by the reverse water-gas shift reaction.

The invention relates to an improved process and system for the synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from a feedstock comprising H.sub.2 and CO.sub.x, wherein x=1-2. The process according to the invention comprises (a) subjecting the gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas originating from step (c) to DME synthesis by contacting it with a catalyst capable of converting synthesis gas to DME to obtain a gaseous mixture comprising DME; (b) subjecting a gaseous mixture comprising the gaseous mixture originating from step (a) to a separation-enhanced reverse water gas shift reaction; and (c) subjecting the gaseous mixture originating from step (b) to DME/synthesis gas separation to obtain DME and a gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas, which is recycled to step (a). Herein, the feedstock is introduced in step (a) or step (b) and the molar ratio of H.sub.2 to CO.sub.x in the gaseous mixture which is subjected to step (b) is at least (x+0.8). Also a system for performing the reaction according to the invention is disclosed.

A process of catalytically dehydrogenating an alkane to an alkene, using Cr.sub.2O.sub.3 as a catalyst, where the catalyst is reduced concurrently with the dehydrogenation by using CO as a reducing gas. In reducing the catalyst with CO, CO.sub.2 is produced, which may be reacted with H.sub.2 produced by the dehydrogenation, to form CO and H.sub.2O by the reverse water-gas shift reaction. A Cu O heat-releasing material may be included with the catalyst in the reactor. The CO reducing gas reduces CuO to form Cu and CO.sub.2, releasing heat. The CO.sub.2 produced by reducing the Cu O may also be reacted with H.sub.2 produced by the dehydrogenation, to form CO and H.sub.2O by the reverse water-gas shift reaction.

A chemical reaction system comprises: a supply source to generate a first carbon compound including at least one of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; an electrochemical reaction device to generate a second carbon compound including carbon monoxide by a reduction reaction of carbon dioxide; a reactor to generate a product including a third carbon compound by a chemical reaction of a reactant including hydrogen and at least one of the first and second carbon compounds; and a flow path through which the second carbon compound is suppled from the electrochemical reaction device to at least one of the supply source and the reactor.

The invention relates to a process for producing synthesis gas, in which carbon and hydrogen are obtained from hydrocarbon by thermal decomposition. At least a portion of the carbon obtained by the thermal decomposition is reacted, and at least a portion of the hydrogen obtained is reacted with carbon dioxide by a reverse water-gas shift reaction to give carbon monoxide and water. Carbon obtained by the thermal hydrocarbon decomposition is used as fuel in a power plant operation wherein the carbon is combusted to produce electrical power, and carbon dioxide formed in the combustion of the carbon is used in the reverse water-gas shift reaction.

Methods of preparing syngas are provided. An exemplary method can include hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) via a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction. Catalysts that include Cu and/or Mn can be used, and the RWGS reaction can be conducted at a temperature greater than 600 C. The syngas produced from hydrogenation of CO.sub.2 can be used to generate light olefins via a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT) reaction.