Provided herein are methods and compositions, such as kits, related to compositions comprising synthetic nanocarriers comprising an immunosuppressant and compositions comprising an uricase and a composition comprising an anti-inflammatory therapeutic. Also provided herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of subjects in need of administration or treatment with the uricase.

A method of treating diseases associated with changes in platelet counts and a method for inhibiting and promoting platelet apoptosis using protein kinase a activator and inhibitor are provided. Protein kinase A regulates platelet apoptosis by means of regulating the phosphorylation of serine at BAD position 155; the activation of protein kinase A activity may inhibit the occurrence of endogenous platelet apoptosis, and may also increase circulating platelet counts in experimental animals; in addition, inhibiting PKA activity may induce platelet apoptosis in vitro, while also reducing circulating platelet counts in the body, indicating that PKA inhibitors may participate in the treatment of thrombocytosis, and reduce platelet counts in peripheral circulating blood.

Provided is a pharmaceutical agent for effective prophylaxis and/or treatment of a pathological condition with decreased lung compliance. The pharmaceutical agent for prophylaxis and/or treatment of a pathological condition with decreased lung compliance is characterized by having a polyamine. The polyamine includes at least one of spermine (Spm), spermidine (Spd), and putrescine (Put). The pharmaceutical agent improves lung compliance and ameliorates gas exchange dysfunction, and therefore, can ameliorate pathological conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute lung injury (ALI), lung diseases caused by dysfunctional endogenous pulmonary alveolar surfactant, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

A method for suppression of progress of, suppression of recurrence of and/or treatment of cancer, by administering an Allergin-1 antagonist in a therapy of a cancer patient with insufficient therapeutic efficacy by a tumor immunotherapeutic agent, or a cancer therapy in combination with an anti-cancer drug.

A method for suppression of progress of, suppression of recurrence of and/or treatment of cancer, by administering an Allergin-1 antagonist in a therapy of a cancer patient with insufficient therapeutic efficacy by a tumor immunotherapeutic agent, or a cancer therapy in combination with an anti-cancer drug.

A a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for RNA virus-related diseases is provided, the prophylactic or therapeutic agent containing, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, an anti-tuberculosis drug, a CysLT1 receptor antagonist, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, an arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor, a derivative thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate thereof.

Disclosed is the use of a radiolabeled anti-nanobody in the prognosis and diagnosis of cancers. In particular, disclosed is an immunoconjugate for detecting a PD-L1 molecule. The immunoconjugate comprises the VHH chain of a specific anti-PD-L1 nanobody and a radionuclide, and can be used for non-invasive detecting of expression of the object PD-L1 to be detected. The immunoconjugate of the invention has small size and high specificity, and is suitable for systemic detection which simultaneously targets primary and metastatic tumors, and has high accuracy and low radiation dose.

The present invention provides a compound that has an inhibitory effect on DYRK and that is represented by general formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein Q, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined in the description.

An antigen-loaded nanogel is formed by loading or encapsulating one or more long peptide antigens or one or more protein antigens in a hydrophobized polysaccharide. The long peptide antigen(s) or protein antigen(s) contains (or each contain) one or more CD8+ cytotoxic T cell recognition epitopes and/or one or more CD4+ helper T cell recognition epitopes, which is/are derived from the antigen. The antigen-loaded nanogel is administered at least one day prior to administration of antigen-specific T cells to improve the efficacy of a T cell infusion therapy against an immune checkpoint inhibitor-resistant tumor. The hydrophobized polysaccharide may be pullulan having cholesteryl groups bound thereto. An immune-enhancing agent also may be administered in or with the antigen-loaded nanogel.

An antigen-loaded nanogel is formed by loading or encapsulating one or more long peptide antigens or one or more protein antigens in a hydrophobized polysaccharide. The long peptide antigen(s) or protein antigen(s) contains (or each contain) one or more CD8+ cytotoxic T cell recognition epitopes and/or one or more CD4+ helper T cell recognition epitopes, which is/are derived from the antigen. The antigen-loaded nanogel is administered at least one day prior to administration of antigen-specific T cells to improve the efficacy of a T cell infusion therapy against an immune checkpoint inhibitor-resistant tumor. The hydrophobized polysaccharide may be pullulan having cholesteryl groups bound thereto. An immune-enhancing agent also may be administered in or with the antigen-loaded nanogel.