Systems and methods to enhance the removal of inorganic contaminants, including metals, from hydrocarbon feedstocks at a refinery. One or more embodiments of such systems and methods may be used to provide a renewable hydrocarbon feedstock having a reduced amount of metal contaminants. The reduction of metal contaminants in the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock mitigates catalyst fouling and/or deactivation during downstream refinery processing of the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock.

Systems and methods to separate water and remove solids from a pre-treated and unfiltered renewable feedstock at or separate from a refinery. Such systems and methods may be used to provide a reduced-contaminant and reduced-solid renewable feedstock for further refining.

Systems and methods to enhance the removal of inorganic contaminants, including metals, from hydrocarbon feedstocks at a refinery. One or more embodiments of such systems and methods may be used to provide a renewable hydrocarbon feedstock having a reduced amount of metal contaminants. The reduction of metal contaminants in the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock mitigates catalyst fouling and/or deactivation during downstream refinery processing of the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock.

Systems and methods to enhance the removal of inorganic contaminants, including metals, from hydrocarbon feedstocks at a refinery. One or more embodiments of such systems and methods may be used to provide a renewable hydrocarbon feedstock having a reduced amount of metal contaminants. The reduction of metal contaminants in the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock mitigates catalyst fouling and/or deactivation during downstream refinery processing of the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock.

Systems and methods to enhance the removal of inorganic contaminants, including metals, from hydrocarbon feedstocks at a refinery. One or more embodiments of such systems and methods may be used to provide a renewable hydrocarbon feedstock having a reduced amount of metal contaminants. The reduction of metal contaminants in the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock mitigates catalyst fouling and/or deactivation during downstream refinery processing of the renewable hydrocarbon feedstock.

An electrostatic air precipitator for emission remediation including, a grounded frame connected to a housing having an upstream direction and a downstream direction with a first ionizing section, having at least a first set of ionizing members and a second set of ionizing members, where the ionizing members of the first set and the second set are electrically isolated from each other and electrically isolated from the grounded frame. Also, the ionizing members of the first set and the ionizing members of the second set are powered by separate power supplies and at least a first collector section is located downstream of the first ionizing section, and the first collector section has at least a first plurality of collector plates.

A system and method in at least one embodiment for separating fluids including liquids and gases into subcomponents by passing the fluid through an intake chamber into an expansion chamber and then through at least a portion of a waveform pattern present between at least two rotors and/or disks. In at least one embodiment, the waveform patterns include a plurality of hyperbolic waveforms axially aligned around a horizontal center of the system.

A collecting electrode element for an electrostatic air cleaner with a reduced weight can be constructed with a lightweight conductive core sandwiched between particle collection layers which are supported and stabilized by a rigid frame. The conductive core may be conductive foil, conductive film, conductive ink, or conductive glue. The particle collecting layers may be flexible open-cell foam such as melamine which may be compressed between opposing frame elements. The frame may leave most and preferably at least 90% of the surface of the particle collecting layers exposed. The frame may have opposing frame elements secured to each other at a compressed area of the particle-collecting layers.

A pollution control system for removing particle and gas phase pollutants in a waste airstream exhausted from commercial cooking operations may include a plurality of filters arranged within a housing for filtering particle and gas phase pollutants in the waste airstream. Various ones of the filters may be composed of a variety of different materials, and ozone may be provided within the housing to assist with removal of the pollutants. In some examples, a wash mechanism may be included to wash surfaces of a filter to remove grease therefrom. In some examples, the system may further include means to spray droplets (such as in a fog or mist form) into the waste airstream to condense a portion of gas phase pollutants into condensed particles.

A system and method in at least one embodiment for separating fluids including liquids and gases into subcomponents by passing the fluid through a vortex chamber into an expansion chamber and then through at least a portion of a waveform pattern present between at least two rotors and/or disks. In further embodiments, a system and method is offered for harnessing fields created by a system having rotating rotors and/or disks having waveform patterns on at least one side to produce current within a plurality of coils. In at least one embodiment, the waveform patterns include a plurality of hyperbolic waveforms axially aligned around a horizontal center of the system.