A method includes receiving a metal component including a raw surface that includes a metal base, a first native oxide disposed on the metal base, and hydrocarbons disposed on the metal base. The method further includes machining the raw surface of the metal component to remove the first native oxide and a first portion of the hydrocarbons from the metal base. The machining generates an as-machined surface of the metal component including the metal base without the first native oxide and without the first portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes performing a surface machining of the as-machined surface of the metal component to remove a second portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes surface treating the metal component to remove a third portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes performing a cleaning of the metal component and drying the metal component.

A method includes receiving a metal component including a raw surface that includes a metal base, a first native oxide disposed on the metal base, and hydrocarbons disposed on the metal base. The method further includes machining the raw surface of the metal component to remove the first native oxide and a first portion of the hydrocarbons from the metal base. The machining generates an as-machined surface of the metal component including the metal base without the first native oxide and without the first portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes performing a surface machining of the as-machined surface of the metal component to remove a second portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes surface treating the metal component to remove a third portion of the hydrocarbons. The method further includes performing a cleaning of the metal component and drying the metal component.

A variable-frequency ultrasonic machining system for a computer numerical control milling machine including a cutting force detection unit, a temperature sensing unit and a processor. The processor receives sensing signals of the cutting force detection unit and the temperature sensing unit, processes the received sensing signals according to a set program, and sends control signals to an ultrasonic drive power supply and a corresponding servo motor, respectively. By adjusting the ultrasonic vibration frequency or the frequency of the frequency converter of the CNC milling machine in the machining process, the system ensures the continuity of ultrasonic-assisted milling of a part with a complex curved surface in case of uneven cutting allowance, and improves efficiency of ultrasonic machining.

A method for producing a diffusion cooling hole extending between a wall having a first wall surface and a second wall surface includes forming a cooling hole inlet at the first wall surface, forming a cooling hole outlet at the second wall surface, forming a metering section downstream from the inlet and forming a multi-lobed diffusing section between the metering section and the outlet. The inlet, outlet, metering section and multi-lobed diffusing section are formed by laser drilling, particle beam machining, fluid jet guided laser machining, mechanical machining, masking and combinations thereof.

A cell separator fly-cut mechanism includes a first driving component, a second driving component, a lamination component and a fly-cut component, and the lamination component is in transmission connection with the first driving component; and the fly-cut component is in transmission connection with the second driving component, and the fly-cut component is used to move synchronously with the separator and cut off the separator at the same speed as the separator.

A blade drive shaft assembly (100) for a road saw comprising a shaft (120), a first mounting plate (125), a spacer removably fitted (126) on the shaft (120), a second mounting plate (127) removably fitted on the shaft (120), a mounting plate fixing adapted to secure the second mounting plate (127) to the shaft, a first circular saw blade mounted between the first mounting plate and the spacer (126), and a second circular saw blade mounted between the second mounting plate (127) and the spacer (126), wherein the first mounting plate (125) is integrally formed with the shaft (120) from a single piece of metal. A road saw incorporating the assembly is also described, as well as a method of forming, filling and compacting a trench and a method of making a blade drive shaft assembly.

Methods and systems for milling and imaging a sample based on multiple fiducials at different sample depths include forming a first fiducial on a first sample surface at a first sample depth; milling at least a portion of the sample surface to expose a second sample surface at a second sample depth; forming a second fiducial on the second sample surface; and milling at least a portion of the second sample surface to expose a third sample surface including a region of interest (ROI) at a third sample depth. The location of the ROI at the third sample depth relative to the first fiducial may be calculated based on an image of the ROI and the second fiducial as well as relative position between the first fiducial and the second fiducial.

Methods and systems for milling and imaging a sample based on multiple fiducials at different sample depths include forming a first fiducial on a first sample surface at a first sample depth; milling at least a portion of the sample surface to expose a second sample surface at a second sample depth; forming a second fiducial on the second sample surface; and milling at least a portion of the second sample surface to expose a third sample surface including a region of interest (ROI) at a third sample depth. The location of the ROI at the third sample depth relative to the first fiducial may be calculated based on an image of the ROI and the second fiducial as well as relative position between the first fiducial and the second fiducial.

A milling tool is configured from a shank part and a head with a cutting edge that is provided on the leading end of the shank part. The head comprises an expanding diameter section, the diameter of which expands gradually from the base end that contacts the shank part in the direction of the leading end, and a decreasing diameter section, the diameter of which gradually decreases from the maximum diameter section in the direction of the leading end. At least one cutting edge is provided on each of the expanding diameter section and the decreasing diameter section.

A spindle motor rotates a spindle to which a cutting tool is attached. A feed mechanism moves the cutting tool relative to a thin workpiece. A machining apparatus repeatedly performs a first process of causing the feed mechanism to feed the cutting tool relative to the thin workpiece in a height direction of a rising wall to perform a plunge process on the thin workpiece, and a second process of causing the feed mechanism to feed the cutting tool relative to the thin workpiece in a width direction or the height direction of the rising wall to perform a finishing process on the thin workpiece.