An epoxy dual cure resin useful for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects includes: (i) a photoinitiator; (ii) monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light; (iii) optionally, a light absorbing pigment or dye; (iv) an epoxy resin; (v) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, an organic hardener co-polymerizable with the epoxy resin; (vi) optionally but preferably a dual reactive compound having substituted thereon a first reactive group reactive with said monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light, and a second reactive group reactive with said epoxy resin (e.g., an epoxy acrylate); (vii) optionally a diluent; (viii) optionally a filler; and (ix) optionally, a co-monomer and/or a co-prepolymer. Methods of using the same in additive manufacturing are also described.

An epoxy dual cure resin useful for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects includes: (i) a photoinitiator; (ii) monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light; (iii) optionally, a light absorbing pigment or dye; (iv) an epoxy resin; (v) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, an organic hardener co-polymerizable with the epoxy resin; (vi) optionally but preferably a dual reactive compound having substituted thereon a first reactive group reactive with said monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light, and a second reactive group reactive with said epoxy resin (e.g., an epoxy acrylate); (vii) optionally a diluent; (viii) optionally a filler; and (ix) optionally, a co-monomer and/or a co-prepolymer. Methods of using the same in additive manufacturing are also described.

An epoxy dual cure resin useful for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects includes: (i) a photoinitiator; (ii) monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light; (iii) optionally, a light absorbing pigment or dye; (iv) an epoxy resin; (v) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, an organic hardener co-polymerizable with the epoxy resin; (vi) optionally but preferably a dual reactive compound having substituted thereon a first reactive group reactive with said monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light, and a second reactive group reactive with said epoxy resin (e.g., an epoxy acrylate); (vii) optionally a diluent; (viii) optionally a filler; and (ix) optionally, a co-monomer and/or a co-prepolymer. Methods of using the same in additive manufacturing are also described.

Provided are a tow prepreg comprising a reinforcing fiber bundle impregnated with a matrix resin composition, wherein the matrix resin composition contains a component (A) (an epoxy resin), a component (B) (dicyandiamide), a component (C) (a curing accelerator), and a component (D) (a core-shell type rubber particle), and a content of the component (D) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (A) is from 20 to 70 parts by mass, a viscosity is from 3 Pa.Math.s to 80 Pa.Math.s at 30 C., and a minimum viscosity to be obtained when a viscosity is measured by raising a temperature from room temperature to 130 C. at a rate of temperature rise of 2.0 C./min is from 0.04 Pa.Math.s to 1 Pa.Math.s, which exhibits excellent drape property and tackiness and less stickiness and can be unwound at a high speed; and a composite material-reinforced pressure vessel having fewer voids in a reinforcing layer which is obtainable by using the tow prepreg, a high burst pressure, and an excellent appearance due to appropriate resin flow.

An epoxy dual cure resin useful for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects includes:(i) a photoinitiator; (ii) monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light; (iii) optionally, a light absorbing pigment or dye; (iv) an epoxy resin; (v) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, an organic hardener co-polymerizable with the epoxy resin; (vi) optionally but preferably a dual reactive compound having substituted thereon a first reactive group reactive with said monomers and/or prepolymers that are polymerizable by exposure to actinic radiation or light, and a second reactive group reactive with said epoxy resin (e.g., an epoxy acrylate); (vii) optionally a diluent; (viii) optionally a filler; and (ix) optionally, a co-monomer and/or a co-prepolymer. Methods of using the same in additive manufacturing are also described.

Disclosed herein is a method of producing a film, the method being capable of suppressing formation of die lines in melt extrusion molding using a T die. A thermoplastic resin composition having a relaxation modulus of not less than 100 Pa and not more than 2,000 Pa is melted and kneaded, the relaxation modulus being measured under conditions of a temperature of 260 C., distortion of 1%, and a relaxation time of 1 second, and extrusion molding of the thermoplastic resin composition using the T die is performed to form the film. The thermoplastic resin composition may contain an acrylic resin and a rubber particle.

Granules containing mixtures of silica powder and cross-linked rubber powder are used in the manufacture of battery separators or vehicle tires. A granule contains silica and rubber powders in proportional amounts that form a silica powder carrier within which rubber powder particles are distributed. Incorporating silica-rubber granules in the manufacturing process of polyethylene separators offers a way to limit water loss in and improve the cycle life of a deep cycle lead-acid battery. Incorporating silica-rubber granules in the manufacturing process of vehicle tires affords advantages including easier material handling, reduced production of dust, and reduction in the number of ingredients measured and added to the formulation.

Various embodiments provide surface compositions and methods for porous, flexible, and durable surfaces that may stabilize native soil, provide substantially uniform drainage of moisture, and provide a barrier between the native soil, vegetation, and other compositions disposed over the surface composition, such as sand and/or soil. The compositions and methods may comprise utilizing a liquid coating composition, liquid binder, and/or antimicrobial composition in combination with a particulate material configured to provide a desired pore size, elasticity, compression, and/or stability to the surface composition. Various embodiments of the surface composition may form a prefabricated flexible bunker liner for application to the native soil in a golf course bunker beneath sand to maintain sand quality, control moisture, and prolong bunker life.

Various embodiments provide surface compositions and methods for porous, flexible, and durable surfaces that may stabilize native soil, provide substantially uniform drainage of moisture, and provide a barrier between the native soil, vegetation, and other compositions disposed over the surface composition, such as sand and/or soil. The compositions and methods may comprise utilizing a liquid coating composition, liquid binder, and/or antimicrobial composition in combination with a particulate material configured to provide a desired pore size, elasticity, compression, and/or stability to the surface composition. Various embodiments of the surface composition may form a prefabricated flexible bunker liner for application to the native soil in a golf course bunker beneath sand.

The disclosure relates to a fibre reinforced plastic composite material, including a vacuum assisted resin transfer moulded fibre reinforced plastic laminate prepared by use of a resin flow enhancing member, including a cavity with a first opening and a second opening as well as an resin flow adjusting arrangement for changing a resin flow cross section in a resin flow direction from the first opening to the second opening in the resin flow enhancing member by applying vacuum to the second opening. The resin flow adjusting arrangement includes a plurality of vacuum expandable filler elements that includes gas-filled closed cell cavities and flexible walls. The disclosure further relates to a vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding process for injecting resin from a resin flow enhancing member into a fibre stack.