An optical element includes a first substrate having a first surface, a resin member disposed on the first surface, and a second substrate disposed above the resin member with a joining member interposed therebetween. The resin member has a first region contacting the joining member and a second region surrounding the first region and not contacting the joining member. An inclined portion having a thickness increasing from a starting point located in the second region toward an outer circumference of the resin member, is disposed in the second region. A tangent of the first surface, orthogonal to a normal of the first surface passing through the starting point, and a straight line passing through the starting point and a point at which the inclined portion has a largest thickness, form an angle of 25° or more and 45° or less.

A method or apparatus for three-dimensionally printing. The method may comprise causing a phase change in a region of the first material by applying focused energy to the region using a focused energy source, and displacing the first material with a second material. The apparatus may comprise a container configured to hold a first material, a focused energy source configured to cause a phase change in a region of the first material by applying focused energy to the region, and an injector configured to displace the first material with a second material. The first material may comprise a yield stress material, which is a material exhibiting Herschel-Bulkley behavior. The yield stress material may comprise a soft granular gel. The second material may comprise one or more cells.

A three-dimensional object comprises stacked substrate layers infiltrated by a hardened material. Each substrate layer is a sheet-like structure that comprises fibers held together by a sodium silicate binder. The substrate layer material may be non-woven or woven. The substrate layer may be a non-woven fiber veil bound by a sodium silicate binder. The fibers may optionally include carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, polymer fibers, glass fibers, metal fibers, or a combination thereof.

A core-sheath filament having a non-tacky sheath and a hot-melt processable adhesive core, the sheath exhibiting a melt flow index of less than 15 grams per 10 minutes, is provided. Methods of making the core-sheath filament and methods of using the core-sheath filament to print a hot-melt processable adhesive onto a primer-treated substrate surface to provide a structural bond are described.

Object: A plurality of problems of an electromagnetic wave transmissive cover to be installed in an electromagnetic wave irradiation direction of a sensor using an electromagnetic wave are simultaneously eliminated. Resolution means: An electromagnetic wave transmissive cover 1 is a member to be installed in an electromagnetic wave irradiation direction of a millimeter wave radar 100 using an electromagnetic wave, and includes a colored resin member 3, a transparent resin member 5, and a transparent heater film 7. The transparent resin member 5 is provided on an opposite side to the millimeter wave radar 100 of the colored resin member 3. The transparent heater film 7 is provided on the opposite side to the millimeter wave radar 100 of the colored resin member 3, includes a wiring pattern formed by copper plating or etching, and has electromagnetic wave transmissivity.

Copolymers for use in a digital manufacturing process, in particular support materials for use in a digital manufacturing process comprising such copolymers. More particularly, the invention is directed to a copolymer, a support material based on the the copolymer, the use of the copolymer in a digital manufacturing process, a method for preparing the copolymer and a method for building a 3D-model by using a support material comprising the copolymer.

Curable formulations which form cured materials that are breakable upon immersion in water are disclosed. The cured materials break into a plurality of particles being a few millimeters or less in size. Methods of fabricating three-dimensional objects utilizing the curable formulations are also disclosed, as well as model objects fabricated thereby. The curable formulations include at least a mono-functional curable material and a multi-functional curable material, as described in the specification.

The present invention relates to an impregnation process for a fibrous substrate, a liquid composition for implementing this process and the obtained impregnated fibrous substrate. The impregnated fibrous substrate is suitable for manufacturing mechanical or structured parts or articles. In particular the present invention deals with an industrial process for impregnating a fibrous substrate or long fibers with a viscous liquid composition containing mainly methacrylic or acrylic components. This viscous composition is called hereafter liquid (meth) acrylic syrup. The invention concerns also a fibrous substrate pre-impregnated with said syrup which is useful for manufacturing mechanical or structured parts or articles. More particular the impregnation of fibrous substrate with the (meth) acrylic syrup is achieved in a closed mould. The present invention concerns also manufacturing process for manufacturing mechanical or structured parts or articles and three-dimensional mechanical or structured parts obtained by this process.

An extruder screw includes a screw main body, conveyance portions, barrier portions, and paths. The raw materials, the conveyance of which is limited by the barrier portions, flow in from the entrance. The raw materials flowing in from the entrance flow through the paths in an opposite direction to a conveyance direction of the conveyance portions. The exit is opened in the outer circumferential surface of the screw main body at a position on an upstream side in the conveyance direction in the conveyance portions in which the entrance is opened.

A transparent acrylic-based polymer composition has an increased resistance to alcohols, oils and fats. The polymer composition contains: (A) a copolymer of alkyl(meth)acrylates, aromatic vinyl monomer and unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride; (B) a copolymer containing aromatic vinyl monomer and a vinyl cyanide monomer; and (C) a particulate core-shell type graft copolymer containing a butadiene-based core as a rubbery phase and a copolymer containing alkyl(meth)acrylates and, optionally, aromatic vinyl monomer as a hard phase. The components A and B form a polymer matrix and the particulate core-shell type graft copolymer C is dispersed in said polymer matrix.