A laser beam irradiation unit of a laser processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator that oscillates a laser, a Y-axis scanner that executes a high-speed scan with a laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator in a Y-axis direction, an X-axis scanner that executes processing feed of the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator in an X-axis direction, and a beam condenser. The Y-axis scanner is selected from any of an AOD, a resonant scanner, and a polygon scanner and the X-axis scanner is selected from a galvano scanner and a resonant scanner.

Compositions and methods for generating ClO.sub.2 gas are disclosed. A composition that includes a chlorite salt is activated by exposure to ultraviolet light. After an optional storage period, the composition is then exposed to moisture, resulting in the generation of ClO.sub.2 gas. Exemplary compositions include polymers in which the chlorite salt is dispersed. The polymers may be used to form films that can be used to package, e.g., food products, pharmaceutical products, medical devices, and/or laboratory devices. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light and moisture, the packaging releases controlled quantities of ClO.sub.2 gas, which may disinfect and/or deodorize the packaged device or product.

A gypsum wallboard having a core with a central core layer and one or more densified layers is disclosed. At least one densified layer contains salt absorbent particles of zeolite and/or hydrotalcite to improve adhesion of the gypsum core to a cover sheet. Also, methods of making the gypsum wallboard and a wall system for employing the gypsum wallboard are disclosed.

Compositions and methods for generating ClO.sub.2 gas are disclosed. A composition that includes a chlorite salt is activated by exposure to ultraviolet light. After an optional storage period, the composition is then exposed to moisture, resulting in the generation of ClO.sub.2 gas. Exemplary compositions include polymers in which the chlorite salt is dispersed. The polymers may be used to form films that can be used to package, e.g., food products, pharmaceutical products, medical devices, and/or laboratory devices. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light and moisture, the packaging releases controlled quantities of ClO.sub.2 gas, which may disinfect and/or deodorize the packaged device or product.

A thermally expandable sheet includes: a first thermally expansive layer that is formed on one side of a base and contains a first thermally expandable material; and a second thermally expansive layer that is formed on the first thermally expansive layer and contains a second thermally expandable material, wherein the second thermally expandable material further contains white pigment.

A gypsum product with improved elasticity and increased nail-pull strength is provided, the product made with a glass fiber mat in which glass fibers are cross-linked with a polymeric resin. Further embodiments provide methods for making the glass fiber mats and gypsum products.

A battery is provided which includes a first power generating element, a second power generating element, and a first adhesion layer adhering the first power generating element to the second power generating element. A first positive electrode collector of the first power generating element and a second negative electrode collector of the second power generating element face each other with (i.e., via) the first adhesion layer. Between the first positive electrode collector and the second negative electrode collector, the first adhesion layer is disposed in a region forming a first positive electrode active material layer or a region forming a second negative electrode active material layer, whichever is smaller. The first positive electrode collector and the second negative electrode collector are not in contact with each other in a region in which the first positive electrode active material layer and the second negative electrode active material layer face each other.

The present disclosure provides an apparatus for preparing an electrode assembly, comprising a printing unit including a charging mean for bringing polymer particles into electric charging to obtain electrically charged polymer particles, and a transferring mean for coating the electrically charged polymer particles by way of transferring on at least one surface of a substrate for an electrochemical device to form an adhesive layer on the substrate, the substrate being at least one of a cathode, an anode and a separator; and a laminating unit that applies heat and pressure to the substrate having the adhesive layer formed thereon so as to obtain the electrode assembly comprising the cathode, the anode and the separator interposed therebetween.

A protective coating layer, an electronic device including such a protective coating layer, and the methods of making the same are provided. The electronic device includes a substrate, a thin film circuit layer disposed over the substrate, and a protective coating layer disposed over the thin film circuit layer. The protective coating layer includes a first coating and a second coating disposed over the first coating. Each coating has a cross-plane thermal conductivity in a direction normal to a respective coating surface equal to or higher than 0.5 W/(m*K). The first coating and the second coating have different crystal or amorphous structures, different crystalline orientations, different compositions, or a combination thereof to provide different nanoindentation hardness. The first coating has a hardness lower than that of the second coating.

A method for producing a carbon nanotube-metal composite in which carbon nanotubes are layered on a metal substrate, the method comprising: (i) depositing a liquid, in which carbon nanotubes are suspended, onto said metal substrate; (ii) during or after step (i), subjecting said liquid to a shearing force sufficient to spatially confine the liquid to induce at least partial alignment of said carbon nanotubes on said metal substrate; and (iii) removing said liquid to produce said carbon nanotube-metal composite; wherein, after step (iii), the lengthwise dimensions of said carbon nanotubes are adhered to and oriented parallel with said metal surface, and said carbon nanotubes are at least partially aligned with each other. In some embodiments, the liquid is deposited in the form of droplets, and the droplets are subjected to a shearing force to cause them to elongate, which induces at least partial alignment of the carbon nanotubes.