An off-board battery charger for a vehicle may include a high-voltage connector having first, second and power supply connector ports. The first connector port connects to a vehicle controller via a first cable. The second connector port connects to a vehicle battery via a second cable. And, the power supply connector port is electrically connected with the second port and receives power via a power supply cable from a separate and external power supply.

A virtual sound provision apparatus for an electric vehicle includes a driving information detector configured to detect vehicle driving information for outputting a virtual driving sound, a microphone configured to detect an actual driving sound generated from the electric vehicle, a controller configured to determine a characteristic of a target sound based on an acceleration and deceleration driving pattern of a driver from an accelerator pedal input value and a brake pedal input value of the driver, and generating and outputting a sound control signal for outputting the virtual driving sound having the characteristic of the target sound based on the determined characteristic information of the target sound and characteristic information of the actual driving sound, and a sound device configured to output a virtual engine sound that simulates an engine sound from the electric vehicle at the time of acceleration and deceleration according to the sound control signal.

A door opening and closing apparatus includes: a body defining an opening and an interior space, the opening being open toward the outside of a vehicle body and the interior space defined inside the vehicle body so as to be connected to the opening; a door configured to open and close the opening; a guide part disposed in the interior space and guiding the door such that the door moves in a first direction and a direction opposite to the first direction, the first direction being a direction from the outside of the vehicle body to the inside of the vehicle body; and a transport part disposed in the interior space and that moves the door in a second direction and a direction opposite to the second direction.

A communication method and system for supporting a high data transmission rate is provided. The method and system fuses 5G communication systems with IoT technology to transmit data at a higher rate than 4G systems. The communication method and system is applied to intelligent services, based on 5G communication technology and IoT related technology, for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail business, security, safety-related services, etc. A method and apparatus is provided that increases the amount of MBMS, according to the demand increase in MBMS, using an MBMS dedicated carrier, in a mobile communication system.

A soil processing machine, in particular a soil compactor, comprises a machine frame and a casing (26, 28) carried on the machine frame and/or at least partially providing it and bounding a unit receptacle space (24), wherein the casing (26, 28) has a cooling air inlet area (30) and a cooling air outlet area (32) for cooling air flowing through the unit receptacle space (24), wherein a plurality of units around which cooling air can flow through the unit receptacle space (24) from the cooling air inlet area (30) to the cooling air outlet area (32) are arranged in the unit receptacle space (24), wherein at least two of the units arranged in the unit receptacle space (24) have maximum permissible operating temperatures different from one another and at least one unit having higher maximum permissible operating temperature is arranged upstream in a cooling air flow direction from the cooling air inlet area (30) to the cooling air outlet area (32) with respect to at least one unit having lower maximum permissible operating temperature.

A communication method and system for supporting a high data transmission rate is provided. The method and system fuses 5G communication systems with IoT technology to transmit data at a higher rate than 4G systems. The communication method and system is applied to intelligent services, based on 5G communication technology and IoT related technology, for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail business, security, safety-related services, etc. A method and apparatus is provided that increases the amount of MBMS, according to the demand increase in MBMS, using an MBMS dedicated carrier, in a mobile communication system.

An off-board battery charger for a vehicle may include a high-voltage connector having first, second and power supply connector ports. The first connector port connects to a vehicle controller via a first cable. The second connector port connects to a vehicle battery via a second cable. And, the power supply connector port is electrically connected with the second port and receives power via a power supply cable from a separate and external power supply.

A communication method and system for supporting a high data transmission rate is provided. The method and system fuses 5G communication systems with IoT technology to transmit data at a higher rate than 4G systems. The communication method and system is applied to intelligent services, based on 5G communication technology and IoT related technology, for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail business, security, safety-related services, etc. A method and apparatus is provided that increases the amount of MBMS, according to the demand increase in MBMS, using an MBMS dedicated carrier, in a mobile communication system.

Method of discharging at least one electrical energy storage unit of an electrical circuit (1), the electrical circuit (1) furthermore comprising a switching system (2) comprising a plurality of arms (3) each extending in parallel between a positive conductor (4) and a negative conductor (5) of a DC bus (7), each arm (3) comprising in series at least two switching cells (10), in which method, to discharge the capacitor (20, 40), a short-circuit between the positive conductor (4) and the negative conductor (5) of the DC bus (7) is produced in at least two of the arms (3) of the switching system (2) so as to allow the discharge current (I.sub.DC) of the electrical energy storage unit to flow from said positive conductor (4) to said negative conductor (5).

An exemplary motor driving system includes a power source, a driving circuit, a controller, a motor, and a protection circuit. The driving circuit including at least one switching device coupled with the power source. The motor includes a plurality of windings. The motor is coupled with the driving circuit and driven by the driving circuit. The controller is configured to provide first switch signals to the at least one switching device of the driving circuit in a normal mode. The protection circuit is coupled with the controller, and configured to generate second switch signals based at least in part on a fault signal in a fault mode and provide the second switch signals to the at least one switching device of the driving circuit so as to reconstruct circuit loops between the driving circuit and the plurality of windings. A method for operating the motor driving system is also described.