Provided are an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte further includes a solid salt as an additive, wherein the solid salt contains one type of cation selected from ammonium-based cations and a thiocyanate anion (SCN.sup.). According an embodiment, the lithium secondary battery may have improved life characteristics by providing the electrolyte containing the additive.

The present invention provides a novel electrolyte solution capable of providing electrochemical devices whose internal resistance is less likely to increase even after repeated charge and discharge and whose cycle capacity retention ratio is high. The electrolyte solution of the present invention contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by R.sup.11X.sup.11SO.sub.3M.sup.11 and compounds represented by R.sup.21R.sup.22NSO.sub.3M.sup.21 in an amount of 0.001 to 10 mass % relative to the solvent.

An electrolyte solution capable of providing electrochemical devices whose internal resistance is less likely to increase even after repeated charge and discharge and whose cycle capacity retention ratio is high. The electrolyte solution contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by R.sup.11X.sup.11SO.sub.3M.sup.11 and compounds represented by R.sup.21R.sup.22NSO.sub.3M.sup.21 in an amount of 0.001 to 10 mass % relative to the solvent.

Methods for the synthesis and use of functionalized, substituted naphthalenes are described. The functionalized, substituted naphthalenes display useful properties including liquid crystals and fluorescence properties, such as solvatochromatic fluorescence, with high quantum yields, Stoke's shift, and show emission maxima that are significantly red-shifted.

An electrolyte solution capable of providing electrochemical devices whose internal resistance is less likely to increase even after repeated charge and discharge and whose cycle capacity retention ratio is high. The electrolyte solution contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by R.sup.11X.sup.11SO.sub.3M.sup.11 and compounds represented by R.sup.21R.sup.22NSO.sub.3M.sup.21 in an amount of 0.001 to 10 mass % relative to the solvent.

A method for producing a compound of formula (1) R.sup.11X.sup.11SO.sub.3M.sup.11, which includes reacting a compound of formula (3) R.sup.31OSO.sub.2OR.sup.32 and a metal alkoxide, wherein R.sup.11, X.sup.11 and M.sup.11 are as defined herein.

A method for producing a compound of formula (1) R.sup.11X.sup.11SO.sub.3M.sup.11, which includes reacting a compound of formula (3) R.sup.31OSO.sub.2OR.sup.32 and a metal alkoxide, wherein R.sup.11, X.sup.11 and M.sup.11 are as defined herein.