Provided are an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte further includes a solid salt as an additive, wherein the solid salt contains one type of cation selected from ammonium-based cations and a thiocyanate anion (SCN.sup.−). According an embodiment, the lithium secondary battery may have improved life characteristics by providing the electrolyte containing the additive.

Provided are an electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and further quaternary ammonium hexafluorophosphate as a solid salt.

Proposed are a hydrogel containing a polymer nanofiber into which a sulfate group is introduced, and a method for preparing the same. The hydrogel contains polymer compound nanofibers into which a sulfate group is introduced, the polymer compound nanofibers may be connected to each other by a crosslink to form a network structure, and gelling may proceed as water is filled in empty space of the network structure. According to an embodiment, it is possible to provide a hydrogel containing a polymer nanofiber into which a sulfate group is introduced, which is highly utilizable as an artificial extracellular matrix by providing a cell culture scaffold which exhibits high cell adhesiveness and of which the three-dimensional structure can be controlled.

The pharmaceutical formulations according to the present invention include an alkyl sulfate salt and a compound represented by general formula (I) below (where R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are as defined in the specification) or tautomers thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. ##STR00001##

A method for producing a compound of formula (1) R.sup.11X.sup.11—SO.sub.3M.sup.11, which includes reacting a compound of formula (3) R.sup.31O—SO.sub.2—OR.sup.32 and a metal alkoxide, wherein R.sup.11, X.sup.11 and M.sup.11 are as defined herein.

A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.

A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.

The present invention provides a novel electrolyte solution capable of providing electrochemical devices whose internal resistance is less likely to increase even after repeated charge and discharge and whose cycle capacity retention ratio is high. The electrolyte solution of the present invention contains a solvent, an electrolyte salt, and at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by R.sup.11X.sup.11—SO.sub.3M.sup.11 and compounds represented by R.sup.21R.sup.22N—SO.sub.3M.sup.21 in an amount of 0.001 to 10 mass % relative to the solvent.

A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.

A method and a production system for recovering and treating taurine mother liquor, which is used for the process of ethylene oxide taurine production process. As for the treatment of the last mother liquor of taurine, add alkali firstly to the last mother liquor of taurine and then acid to form salt, or add salt directly; then concentrate and crystallize and filter, to remove lots of impurities in taurine mother liquor. This solves the problem of separating impurities, greatly shortening the time of removing impurities. The last mother liquor can also be decolorizes and additional impurities removes by activated carbon, and the removal of salt by mixing ammonia into the mother liquor to obtain the pure taurine mother liquor, thereby recovering the mother liquor and increasing the product yield.