Aspects of the invention relate to novel synthetic compounds having binding affinity with galectin proteins.

Aspects of the invention relate to novel synthetic compounds having binding affinity with galectin proteins.

Selectively controllable cleavable linkers include electrochemically-cleavable linkers, photolabile linkers, thermolabile linkers, chemically-labile linkers, and enzymatically-cleavable linkers. Selective cleavage of individual linkers may be controlled by changing local conditions. Local conditions may be changed by activating electrodes in proximity to the linkers, exposing the linkers to light, heating the linkers, or applying chemicals. Selective cleaving of enzymatically-cleavable linkers may be controlled by designing the sequences of different sets of the individual linkers to respond to different enzymes. Cleavable linkers may be used to attach polymers to a solid substrate. Selective cleavage of the linkers enables release of specific polymers from the solid substrate. Cleavable linkers may also be used to attach protecting groups to the ends of growing polymers. The protecting groups may be selectively removed by cleavage of the linkers to enable growth of specific polymers.

Selectively controllable cleavable linkers include electrochemically-cleavable linkers, photolabile linkers, thermolabile linkers, chemically-labile linkers, and enzymatically-cleavable linkers. Selective cleavage of individual linkers may be controlled by changing local conditions. Local conditions may be changed by activating electrodes in proximity to the linkers, exposing the linkers to light, heating the linkers, or applying chemicals. Selective cleaving of enzymatically-cleavable linkers may be controlled by designing the sequences of different sets of the individual linkers to respond to different enzymes. Cleavable linkers may be used to attach polymers to a solid substrate. Selective cleavage of the linkers enables release of specific polymers from the solid substrate. Cleavable linkers may also be used to attach protecting groups to the ends of growing polymers. The protecting groups may be selectively removed by cleavage of the linkers to enable growth of specific polymers.

Aspects of the invention relate to novel synthetic compounds having binding affinity with galectin proteins.

Aspects of the invention relate to novel synthetic compounds having binding affinity with galectin proteins.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

Provided herein are branched oligonucleotides exhibiting efficient and specific tissue distribution, cellular uptake, minimum immune response and off-target effects, without formulation.

The invention provides for double stranded nucleic acid molecules comprising a 5′ extension of the sense or antisense strand and further comprising a plurality of nucleotides that are conjugated to a ligand and methods of using the double-stranded nucleic acid molecules. Ligand-modified oligomers where the sense stands form a tetraloop provide new potent and stable RNA interference agents. These dsNA molecules are synthesized using a plurality of nucleotides that include ligand-modified monomers, nucleotide analog monomers, modified nucleotide monomers and the like, using standard nucleotide synthetic methods and systems.

The invention provides for double stranded nucleic acid molecules comprising a 5′ extension of the sense or antisense strand and further comprising a plurality of nucleotides that are conjugated to a ligand and methods of using the double-stranded nucleic acid molecules. Ligand-modified oligomers where the sense stands form a tetraloop provide new potent and stable RNA interference agents. These dsNA molecules are synthesized using a plurality of nucleotides that include ligand-modified monomers, nucleotide analog monomers, modified nucleotide monomers and the like, using standard nucleotide synthetic methods and systems.