Described herein is an isolated biological polysaccharide compound. The biological polysaccharide compound may be characterised by being isolated and having: glycosyl linkages comprising 1:3 linked glucopyranosyl residue of 65-95% wt and 1:6 linked glucopyranosyl residue of 5-25% wt; and a purity of 85-100% β-glucan; and a molecular weight of 0.5 to 2.2 MDa; and a TNF-alpha cytokine response in a human bioassay that is at least 1.5 times greater than a negative control TNF-alpha cytokine response in a human bioassay; and being essentially insoluble in aqueous solutions. In at least one embodiment, methods are described of treating skin by topical application of a vehicle containing the isolated biological polysaccharide to a skin site such as a wound or burn. A method of manufacture is also described.

A process is provided for producing a biomass-derived rheology modifier, comprising: providing a pretreated feedstock comprising cellulose-rich solids; refining the cellulose-rich solids in a first high-intensity refining unit, generating refined cellulose solids; gelling the refined cellulose solids in a second high-intensity refining unit, thereby generating gelled cellulose solids; and homogenizing the gelled cellulose solids in a high-shear homogenizer, thereby generating a biomass-derived rheology modifier. The pretreated feedstock may include kraft pulp, sulfite pulp, AVAP® pulp, soda pulp, mechanical pulp, thermomechanical pulp, and/or chemimechanical pulp, derived from wood or lignocellulosic biomass. The pretreated feedstock may be GP3+® pulp, obtained from steam or hot-water extraction of lignocellulosic biomass. These rheology modifiers may be utilized in a wide variety of applications, including water-based or oil-based hydraulic fracturing fluid formulations, as gelling agents. These rheology modifiers are biodegradable, and their production does not directly involve chemicals other than biomass and water.

The present invention relates to a lipoteichoic acid isolated from Bifidobacteria cultured in excess of glucose which has fat reduction activity, thus being useful for exploitation in the following application areas: food and beverages, animal feed, including pet food, nutritional supplements, infant nutrition, cosmetics (including nutricosmetics), medical foods and pharmaceutical and veterinary applications, among others.

The present invention provides a method for removing a divalent metal cation from a macromolecular compound having an anionic functional group and containing the divalent metal cation, including (1) suspending a macromolecular compound having an anionic functional group and containing a divalent metal cation in a solution in which an electrolyte that releases an alkali metal ion is dissolved at a concentration at which the macromolecular compound is salted out, and (2) performing, in the obtained suspension, an ion exchange reaction to exchange the divalent metal cation contained in the macromolecular compound with the alkali metal ion.

The present disclosure provides compositions comprising an isolated polysaccharide comprising β-1,4 linked galactosamine and glucosamine monomers, wherein the amino groups of each of the galactosamine and glucosamine are partially substituted with acetate. The disclosure further provides vaccine, methods of use, and methods of producing the isolated polysaccharide.

A water soluble iron carbohydrate complex obtainable from an aqueous solution of iron (III) salt and an aqueous solution of the oxidation product of one or more maltodextrins using an aqueous hypochlorite solution at a pH-value within the alkaline range, where, when one maltodextrin is applied, its dextrose equivalent lies between 5 and 20, and when a mixture of several maltodextrins is applied, the dextrose equivalent of the mixture lies between 5 and 20 and the dextrose equivalent of each individual maltodextrin contained in the mixture lies between 2 and 40, process for its production and a medicament for the treatment and prophylaxis of iron deficiency conditions.

The present invention refers to exopolysaccharide molecules, conditioned media or compositions comprising said molecules or media. Moreover, the present invention refers to use of said exopolysaccharide molecules, conditioned media or compositions as prebiotic, preferably to boost immune system.

A graft copolymer comprising: a core polymer comprising a crosslinked or non-crosslinked polysaccharide, a plurality of primary graft polymers covalently grafted to the core polymer, a plurality of secondary graft polymers covalently grafted to each primary graft polymer, an injectable dermal aesthetic formulation comprising such a graft copolymer and a method of preparing such a graft copolymer.

The present invention concerns a compound of formula (I): wherein:—n is an integer comprised between 1 and 7;—X.sub.1 is in particular a radical of formula —CH.sub.2—S—(CH.sub.2).sub.k—S—;—A.sub.1 is in particular a linear or branched alkylene radical comprising from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and—X.sub.2 is in particular an alkoxy group of formula OR.sub.a, wherein R.sub.a is a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

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Described herein are methods of producing prebiotic compositions that are made up of oligosaccharide compositions, as well as methods of using such prebiotic compositions in nutritional compositions and methods of producing such oligosaccharide and nutritional compositions.