The invention refers to a flame-retarding and flame-blocking agent in the form of a liquid suspension that efficiently slows down the progress of fire and at the same time, blocks forest fires, acting as a chemical firebreak and as a fire extinguisher, as well as to a method of making the suspension. The application process comprises spraying the diluted aqueous suspension/solution of the invention on a strip of land, forest, or silviculture, without harming the environment, animals, agricultural products, and humans. The product acts for a long time after application, is stable for storage, effective regardless of the water used for dilution, easily dispersible in water, biodegradable without containing toxic products or releasing highly toxic gases, and free of heavy metals. The product has a synergistic action between its components, and it is intended to save lives, natural resources and heritage.

A fire-retardant composition having stable physical and chemical properties, comprising a salt of a first boron-containing compound in an amount A, a second boron-containing compound in an amount B, a first solvent comprising at least one organic solvent in an amount C, and a second solvent comprising water in an amount D. With respect to the total weight of the fire-retardant composition, A represents 15 to 45 wt.-%, B represents 15 to 46 wt.-%, C represents 0.2622×the amount B to 0.3944×the amount B wt.-%, and D represents 0.3549×the amount B to 0.4860×the amount B wt.-%. D=(the amount A+the amount B+the amount C); and 100−(the amount A+the amount B+the amount C) is greater that D. A method of preparation, a use and a method for imparting fire-retardant properties to a substrate.

An assembly for storing thermal energy is provided. The assembly includes a spatial heat reservoir, a solid natural material, which is designed to store heat, and a fluid, which is designed to transfer thermal energy to the heat storage material and to remove thermal energy from the heat storage material. The heat storage material is arranged within the heat reservoir. The heat reservoir has at least one inlet and at least one outlet, through which the fluid is conducted in order to store energy and remove energy. In order to store energy, heated fluid is introduced into the heat reservoir through the inlet, thermal energy is transferred to the heat storage material there, and the fluid is conducted out of the heat reservoir through the outlet. Correspondingly, in order to remove enemy, cool fluid is introduced into the heat reservoir through the inlet, thermal energy is absorbed from the heat storage material there, and the fluid is conducted out of the heat reservoir through the outlet. An igneous rock is used as the heat storage material.

A system and method measures subterranean stress. The system and method includes a cement mixture that is mixed with water to set as a solid and a stress measuring-medium having piezospectroscopic properties that directly reveals stress in situ within the cement mixture in response to a photo stimulation. The stress measuring-medium combines with the cement mixture as a dry blend before being combined with water.

The invention refers to a flame-retarding and flame-blocking agent in the form of a liquid suspension that efficiently slows down the progress of fire and at the same time, blocks forest fires, acting as a chemical firebreak and as a fire extinguisher, as well as to a method of making the suspension. The application process comprises spraying the diluted aqueous suspension/solution of the invention on a strip of land, forest, or silviculture, without harming the environment, animals, agricultural products, and humans. The product acts for a long time after application, is stable for storage, effective regardless of the water used for dilution, easily dispersible in water, biodegradable without containing toxic products or releasing highly toxic gases, and free of heavy metals. The product has a synergistic action between its components, and it is intended to save lives, natural resources and heritage.

A method, system, and taggants (tracers) for quantifying zonal flow in a multi-lateral well having a wellbore with a first lateral and second lateral. The technique includes flowing first produced fluid from a formation via the first lateral into production tubing providing a first taggant through a first dosing tubing to the first lateral, and flowing second produced fluid from the formation via the second lateral into the production tubing and providing a second taggant through a second dosing tubing to the second lateral. A produced stream having the first produced fluid and the second produced fluid flows uphole through the production tubing and discharges from the wellbore. The produced stream may be analyzed to measure an amount of the first taggant in the produced stream and an amount of the second taggant in the produced stream.

A system and method measures subterranean stress. The system and method includes a cement mixture that is mixed with water to set as a solid and a stress measuring-medium having piezospectroscopic properties that directly reveals stress in situ within the cement mixture in response to a photo stimulation. The stress measuring-medium combines with the cement mixture as a dry blend before being combined with water.

A method, system, and taggants (tracers) for quantifying zonal flow in a multi-lateral well having a wellbore with a first lateral and second lateral. The technique includes flowing first produced fluid from a formation via the first lateral into production tubing providing a first taggant through a first dosing tubing to the first lateral, and flowing second produced fluid from the formation via the second lateral into the production tubing and providing a second taggant through a second dosing tubing to the second lateral. A produced stream having the first produced fluid and the second produced fluid flows uphole through the production tubing and discharges from the wellbore. The produced stream may be analyzed to measure an amount of the first taggant in the produced stream and an amount of the second taggant in the produced stream.

A sand stabilizer may be introduced into and applied in coarse, grained soils, and soils with low fines content. When a sand stabilizer is introduced into silty soils, sandy soils, and/or gravelly soils, the soils may turn into a mass linked with the sand stabilizer. This process can be undone as well. The sand stabilizer is a water-based polymer that may be formed of a plasticizer-free aqueous dispersion based on styrene and an acrylic acid ester (approximately 40-60%), an aqueous copolymer dispersion based on styrene acrylic (approximately 20-40%), dibutyl phthalate (approximately 4-8%), butyl cellosolve (approximately 4-8%), and propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, monoester with 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol (approximately 4-8%). The sand stabilizer may be applied in the compaction with water and mixed. The sand stabilizer may be sprayed over a soil surface.

The present disclosure provides a salt-storage anti-icing coating and a preparation method thereof, falling within the technical field of new materials for pavements. The salt-storage anti-icing coating is prepared by taking a slow-release salt-storage filler as a filler and an aqueous phase polyurethane energy storage material as a matrix material, and adding a thickening agent. In the present disclosure, combining the slow-release salt-storage filler technology and the phase-changing and temperature-regulating technology, the slow-release salt-storage filler lowers an ice point of pavement water, and the aqueous phase polyurethane energy storage material raises a pavement temperature by a phase-changing and temperature-regulating effect to achieve an anti-icing effect of pavements and improve an ice and snow removal effect.