The present invention is related to a method for obtaining nitrate-based eutectic mixtures based on a BET model to thermal storage of solar refrigeration systems within the range of temperature from 0 to 15° C. Mixtures based on the following hydrate salts: LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O and LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, having melting points of 10.8, −1.1, 13.1, 12.0 and 7.1° C., respectively. Thermal and physical properties were established such as the heat of crystallization/melting, calorific capacity to solid and liquid phases, viscosity, density and change of volume during the mixture of eutectic mixtures. The results of energy storing density (esd) varied from 238.3 to 304.5 MJ.Math.m.sup.−3. The phase changing material (PCM) being more potent to be used in solar energy-assisted air conditioning systems (AC) is LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O.

The invention relates a method for preparing a composition with low corrosive effect and low freezing point, by mixing an ammonium cation source with a carboxyl anion source in an appropriate molar or weight ratio, either without a medium or by using an appropriate medium for obtaining liquid or water-soluble organic ammonium carboxylate of formula (1):

[NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4].sup.+.sub.n [R.sup.5(COO).sub.n].sup.−n,   (1),

in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are selected from the group comprising hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted alkyls containing 1-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon containing 1-6 carbon atoms and n is an integral 1-6 and thereafter adding possible solvent and at the same time keeping alkali or alkali-earth metal content of the composition in a range of 0.001-30 wt-%, preferably in a range of 0.001-30 wt-% and most preferably in a range of 0.001-1.0 wt-% and halide content in a range of 0.001-1 wt-% most preferably in a range of 0.001-0.1 wt-%.

The invention relates a method for preparing a composition with low corrosive effect and low freezing point, by mixing an ammonium cation source with a carboxyl anion source in an appropriate molar or weight ratio, either without a medium or by using an appropriate medium for obtaining liquid or water-soluble organic ammonium carboxylate of formula (1):

[NR.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4].sup.+.sub.n [R.sup.5(COO).sub.n].sup.−n,   (1),

in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are selected from the group comprising hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted alkyls containing 1-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon containing 1-6 carbon atoms and n is an integral 1-6 and thereafter adding possible solvent and at the same time keeping alkali or alkali-earth metal content of the composition in a range of 0.001-30 wt-%, preferably in a range of 0.001-30 wt-% and most preferably in a range of 0.001-1.0 wt-% and halide content in a range of 0.001-1 wt-% most preferably in a range of 0.001-0.1 wt-%.

Coolants based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof are useful for cooling systems in electric vehicles having fuel cells and/or batteries, preferably for motor vehicles, particularly preferably for passenger cars and commercial vehicles (known as light and heavy duty vehicles). The coolants contain additional corrosion inhibitors for improved corrosion protection in addition to specific azole derivatives.

Coolants based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof are useful for cooling systems in electric vehicles having fuel cells and/or batteries, preferably for motor vehicles, particularly preferably for passenger cars and commercial vehicles (known as light and heavy duty vehicles). The coolants contain additional corrosion inhibitors for improved corrosion protection in addition to specific azole derivatives.

A bio-nanocompound incorporating metal oxide particles as substrate, an amino organosilane as linker, a dialdehyde as crosslinking agent and a nucleation agent that utilizes ice nucleating activity to create ice on low energy demand at temperatures down to 0° C. and extend cold chains without increasing energy consumption, wherein even the first application is capable of freezing to different shapes and volumes; a method for producing the bio-nanocompound by self-assembly technique, by mixing the substrate, immobilizing the linker on the substrate, immobilizing the crosslinker on the linker and immobilizing by covalent bonding nucleating agent on the crosslinker; and a coolant having the bio-nanocompound.

Thermal spreaders for targeted heat dissipation of an electronic component are disclosed. One thermal spreader includes a thermally conductive composition configured to function in conjunction with an electrically insulator material to dissipate heat away from a heat-generating electronic component of a computing device while electrically insulating the electronic component. The thermally conductive composition is malleable to target placement of the thermally conductive material on the electrically insulator material such that the thermally conductive composition is in thermal communication with a targeted area of the electronic component over which the electrically insulator material is positioned for targeted heat dissipation of the electronic component. Apparatus and systems including one or more of the thermal spreaders for targeted heat dissipation of one or more electronic components included therein are also disclosed.

The present application pertains to processes and systems for enhanced heat transfer. In some embodiments a process is described for removing a portion of a chemical from a heat transfer loop comprising a heat transfer fluid. The process may comprise adding a solvent to the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer loop; removing at least a portion of the heat transfer fluid from the heat transfer loop; separating said removed heat transfer fluid into a permeate and a retentate using a membrane; and adding at least a portion of the permeate to the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer loop.

The invention relates to a lubricating oil composition and a refrigerant composition containing a polyalkylene glycol having a terpenoid end group, such as a farnesol end group.

A composition that includes a hydrofluoroolefin represented by the following general formula (I): Rf—CH2CH—CHCH2-Rf (I). Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 6 carbon atoms, and the hydrofluoroolefin is a liquid at room temperature.