The present invention relates to an in vitro method for creating a viable connective tissue and/or osseous tissue obtained by tribological solicitations of a biological culture. It further relates to a viable connective tissue and/or osseous tissue susceptible to be obtained by said method as well as to the use of said method or viable connective tissue and/or osseous tissue to prepare a biological implant.

A 3D tissue culture selected from the group consisting of hydrogel-based 3D tissue culture and cellular self-assembly 3D tissue culture as well as self-assembly 3D tissue culture. Additionally, disclosed is a method of preparing cells for 3D tissue culture, which method comprises the steps of plating the cells on a suitable surface, optionally, checking for their capability to adhere to said surface, discarding the cells which have not adhered to said surface, detaching the adhered cells and transferring them into a 3D tissue culture process.

The purpose of the invention is to provide novel cell culture substrates, cell culture vessels, and methods for cell culture. A cell culture substrate having a planar mesh structure, the substrate being coated with a polymer, is provided. Cells are cultured in a cell culture vessel having this substrate.

This invention is to provide a means capable of obtaining excellent cell proliferation activity without depending on a thickness of a coating layer in a technique of coating a cell culture substrate (cell culture vessel) using a polymer. Provided is a cell culture substrate comprising a coating layer on at least one surface of a polymer substrate, wherein the coating layer includes a copolymer comprising more than 40% by mole and less than 100% by mole of a structural unit (1) derived from carboxyalkyl (meth)acrylate represented by Formula (1) and more than 0% by mole and less than 60% by mole of a structural unit (2) derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a hydroxyl group (the total of the structural unit (1) and the structural unit (2) is 100% by mole).

Embodiments herein described provide antigen-presenting cell-mimetic scaffolds (APC-MS) and use of such scaffolds to manipulating T-cells. More specifically, the scaffolds are useful for promoting growth, division, differentiation, expansion, proliferation, activity, viability, exhaustion, anergy, quiescence, apoptosis, or death of T-cells in various settings, e.g., in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. Embodiments described herein further relate to pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and packages containing such scaffolds. Additional embodiments relate to methods for making the scaffolds, compositions, and kits/packages. Also described herein are methods for using the scaffolds, compositions, and/or kits in the diagnosis or therapy of diseases such as cancers, immunodeficiency disorders, and/or autoimmune disorders.

Disclosed is a 3D porous medium and a method of manufacture. The 3D porous medium includes (i) a support structure of transparent hydrogel particles or emulsion droplets, (ii) bacterial nutrient in open volumes between the transparent hydrogel particles, as well as within micropores in the transparent hydrogel particles, and (iii) bacterial cells within the open volumes in the support structure.

Described herein are nanostraw well insert apparatuses (e.g., devices and systems) that include nanotubes extending through and out of a membrane so that a material can pass through the membrane from a fluid reservoir depot and into a cell grown onto the nanotubes when electrical energy (e.g., electroporation energy) is applied. In particular, the device, systems and methods described herein may be adapted for cell growth viability and transfection efficiency (e.g., >70%). These apparatuses may be readily integratable into cell culturing processes for improved transfection efficiency, intracellular transport, and cell viability.

A method of efficiently recovering a large amount of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells is provided. The method includes: a three dimensional culture step of three dimensionally culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a medium containing sugar by using a nonwoven fabric as a scaffold; a post-plateau culture step of further culturing for a certain period of time after the amount of the sugar consumed by the mesenchymal stem cells reaches a plateau; and an exosome recovery step of recovering exosomes from the mesenchymal stem cells. The mesenchymal stem cells are adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Mineralization occurs during weathering of silicate materials/rocks rich in CA+ and Mg+, particularly peridotite which composes Earth's upper mantle. The carbon mineralization mantle peridotite is the base activated carbon for nanostructured-carbon-base-material. The nanostructured-carbon-base-material using mantle peridotite carbon mineralization based activated carbon nanotubes is a new catalyst for batteries and fuel-cell use that doesn't use precious metal such as platinum and that performs as effectively as many well-known, expensive precious-metal catalysts. The nanostructured-carbon-base-material using mantle peridotite carbon mineralization based activated carbon nanotubes makes possible the creation of economical lithium-air batteries that could power electric vehicles. The carbon nanotubes have useful qualities such as slim, strong, lightweight, high electronic conductivity, has metallic/semiconductive properties that are useful in (1) electronics i.e. wiring, transistor; (2) material that reinforced resin/metal; (3) energy source i.e. catalysis support, ion adsorption, capacitors; (4) nanotechnology i.e. nanostructure; and (5) biotechnology i.e. cell cultivating, drug delivery system, biosensor.

This invention relates to live cell constructs for producing milk in culture and compositions comprising a milk product produced by the live cell contracts, as well as methods for making a live cell construct for producing milk in culture, methods of producing milk in culture, and methods of producing a modified primary mammary epithelial cell or an immortalized mammary epithelial cell for use in a live cell construct and other methods of the present invention.