When performing dephosphorization treatment of hot metal by adding a refining agent as a lime source and an oxygen source (dephosphorizing agent(s) and a gaseous oxygen source into the hot metal accommodated in a hot metal holding container, the refining agent used is a refining agent having an Ig-loss value of from 4.0% by mass to 35.0% by mass and including 60% by mass or more of quicklime.

Disclosed is a single-chamber furnace for fuming an evaporable metal or metal compound from a metallurgical charge including a bath furnace for containing a molten charge up to a determined level, the furnace being equipped with a non-transferred plasma torch for the generation of plasma and a first submerged injector for injecting the plasma below the determined level, the furnace further including an afterburning zone to form an oxidized form of the at least one evaporable metal or metal compound, and a recovery zone for recovering the oxidized form from the gas formed in the afterburning zone, whereby the furnace is further equipped with a second submerged injector for injecting extra gas into the furnace below the determined level. Further disclosed is the use of the furnace and a process for fuming an evaporable metal or metal compound from a metallurgical charge.

A liquid feed for a basic oxygen furnace, a method to obtain the liquid feed and a steel plant producing such a liquid feed, wherein the liquid feed includes a first liquid iron stream of carburised molten scrap and a second liquid iron stream from an iron making process, thereby allowing a maximum use of scrap intake while preparing high quality steel products.

The present invention provides an electric furnace including: a cylindrical furnace wall; a furnace cover that is provided at an upper end of the furnace wall; and a furnace bottom that is provided at a lower end of the furnace wall and includes a deep bottom portion and a shallow bottom portion as a region having a height of 150 mm to 500 mm from a deepest point of the deep bottom portion, in which a slag pouring port into which molten slag or a solidified slag lump is capable of being poured from a slag transport container directly or through a tilting trough is provided, the slag pouring port overlaps the shallow bottom portion in a plan view, and the area ratio of the shallow bottom portion to the furnace bottom in a plan view is 5% to 40%.

A smelting apparatus for smelting metallic ore comprising a furnace having a continuous curved wall and end walls defining a longitudinal volume having a longitudinal axis in a horizontal direction. The continuous curved wall has a lowermost area. The longitudinal volume is divided in at least three longitudinal layers comprising a top layer within which gasified fuel is combusted for creating a hot gas composition to release, from the metallic ore, at least molten metal and slag, a lowermost layer at the lowermost area for holding molten metal, and a mid-layer above the lowermost layer in which the slag accumulates. The present document also describes processes using the smelting apparatus for producing ferrous and non-ferrous minerals from a metallic ore.

A method of charging a pre-packaged charge in a metallurgical or refining furnace includes providing a disposable metal container having at least one attachment member and forming a pre-packaged charge by loading scrap material into the metal container. The method also includes releasably coupling the at least one attachment member of the container to a lifting device, and then de-coupling the pre-packaged charge from the lifting device so that the combination of the scrap material and the disposable metal container are charged in the furnace.

An aqueous solution containing 30 ppm or more of carbon dioxide is brought into contact with a steel-making slag to elute phosphorus and calcium contained in the steel-making slag into the aqueous solution. Subsequently, carbon dioxide is removed from the aqueous solution to precipitate a mixture comprising a phosphorus compound and a calcium compound. In this manner, a mixture comprising a phosphorus compound and a calcium compound and containing phosphorus in an amount of 1% by mass or more in terms of phosphorus atom content can be produced.

Composite particles are used in combination with ore particles in an ore-refining or purification process, such as in a steel- or iron-making process. The composite particles comprise a core, which may be an aggregate of limestone, dolomite, or another ore particle. The core is surrounded by a coating layer of a metal dust and a binder. The metal dust may be iron oxide dust, which, along with limestone, is prevalent in the iron smelting process anyway. In this way, the composite particles help to recycle otherwise wasted and hazardous iron dust. The binder may be mineral clay such as bentonite, montmorillonite or kaolinite, and may comprise about 2-10% by weight of the particle.

A method of starting a molten bath-based process for smelting a metalliferous material is disclosed. The method includes using the heat flux of water-cooled elements in lower parts of a smelting vessel to provide an indication of molten bath temperature during at least an early part of the start-up method and adjusting injection rates of oxygen-containing gas and/or carbonaceous material into the smelting vessel to control the molten bath temperature during start-up without exceeding critical heat flux levels and tripping the start-up method.

A monitoring method of a steelmaking process in a steelmaking vessel, wherein matters Mn, each having its respective properties PMn, are charged into said steelmaking vessel so as to produce a liquid steel and a slag.