Provided is a casting simulation method capable of expressing influence of different inelastic strains produced at different temperatures on strain hardenability at room temperature. The following amount of effective equivalent inelastic strain ε.sub.effective inelastic is substituted into a constitutive equation in which an amount of equivalent inelastic strain is used as a degree of work hardening:

an amount of effective equivalent inelastic strain ε.sub.effective inelastic=∫.sub.o.sup.t{h.sub.(T)/h.sub.(RT)}{(Δε.sub.inelastic/Δt)}dt

, where T denotes a temperature with inelastic strain, h.sub.(T) denotes an increment of yield strength at room temperature with respect to an amount of inelastic strain at the temperature with inelastic strain, h.sub.(RT) denotes an increment of yield strength at room temperature with respect to an amount of inelastic strain applied at room temperature, h.sub.(T)/h.sub.(RT) denotes an effective inelastic strain coefficient α(T), Δε.sub.inelastic/Δt denotes an equivalent inelastic strain rate, and t denotes a time from 0 second in analysis.

An induction heating device for heating a metal article includes a support plate with an upper surface for receiving the metal article, and a plurality of induction coils, which are arranged concentrically around an axis and are provided at an underside of the support plate. Each induction coil is connected to and selectively powered by a generator, and at least one temperature probe is disposeable on the metal article during heating in order to monitor and control the heating of the article.

A method and its application for regulating heat treatment derived from the in-situ collection of information. In-situ collecting information and/or data during heat treatment on a test piece, comparing the information or data with relevant information or data in a heat treatment information database, detecting or characterizing a heat treatment extent or state of the test piece, thereby optimizing a heat treatment process of the material and/or regulating the heat treatment of the test piece. The heat treatment includes homogenization, solid solution treatment, aging, recovery and recrystallization annealing. The in-situ collection is to collect information or data of the test piece in an actual heat treatment environment in real time. The heat treatment information database includes relevant information and data of material, heat treatment process, and heat treatment procedure, which can be continuously improved and optimized through subsequent detection and self-learning.

A method and its application for regulating heat treatment derived from the in-situ collection of information. In-situ collecting information and/or data during heat treatment on a test piece, comparing the information or data with relevant information or data in a heat treatment information database, detecting or characterizing a heat treatment extent or state of the test piece, thereby optimizing a heat treatment process of the material and/or regulating the heat treatment of the test piece. The heat treatment includes homogenization, solid solution treatment, aging, recovery and recrystallization annealing. The in-situ collection is to collect information or data of the test piece in an actual heat treatment environment in real time. The heat treatment information database includes relevant information and data of material, heat treatment process, and heat treatment procedure, which can be continuously improved and optimized through subsequent detection and self-learning.

A method for open-loop and/or closed-loop control of a heating of a cast or rolled metal product, includes the steps of determining the total enthalpy of the metal product from a sum of the free molar enthalpies (Gibbs energy) of all phases and/or phase fractions currently present in the metal product; determining a temperature distribution within the metal product by means of a dynamic temperature calculation model using the total enthalpy determined; and open-loop and/or closed-loop controlling of the heating of the metal product as a function of at least one output variable of the temperature calculation model.

A method for open-loop and/or closed-loop control of a heating of a cast or rolled metal product, includes the steps of determining the total enthalpy of the metal product from a sum of the free molar enthalpies (Gibbs energy) of all phases and/or phase fractions currently present in the metal product; determining a temperature distribution within the metal product by means of a dynamic temperature calculation model using the total enthalpy determined; and open-loop and/or closed-loop controlling of the heating of the metal product as a function of at least one output variable of the temperature calculation model.

An additive manufacturing system including a two-dimensional energy patterning system for imaging a powder bed is disclosed. The two-dimensional energy patterning system may be used to control the rate of cooling experienced by each successive additive layer. Accordingly, the system may be used to heat treat the various additive layers.

The invention relates to a method and a device for rapidly cooling a metal strip and removing residues present on the strip after this cooling, wherein the residues are formed during a cooling of said metal strip by a non-oxidizing liquid solution for the metal strip and a stripping liquid solution for the oxides present on the surface of the strip, or by a mixture of this liquid solution and a gas.

A direct flame furnace burner unit for furnaces for the thermo-chemical treatment of steel strips in continuous hot-dip galvanizing plants includes a burner with a combustion head provided with a combustion chamber having an outlet opening of the combustion flame, and a body to which the combustion head is fixed. The body includes a first chamber which is in communication with the combustion chamber, a first lance for the injection of a fuel into the combustion chamber, a mixing chamber provided with at least a first inlet and a second inlet opening which is connectable to a second supply source, at least a second lance for the injection of the mixture into the combustion chamber. The burner is operable in two distinct operating modes, a diffusive flame combustion mode and a premixed flame combustion mode.

A direct flame furnace burner unit for furnaces for the thermo-chemical treatment of steel strips in continuous hot-dip galvanizing plants includes a burner with a combustion head provided with a combustion chamber having an outlet opening of the combustion flame, and a body to which the combustion head is fixed. The body includes a first chamber which is in communication with the combustion chamber, a first lance for the injection of a fuel into the combustion chamber, a mixing chamber provided with at least a first inlet and a second inlet opening which is connectable to a second supply source, at least a second lance for the injection of the mixture into the combustion chamber. The burner is operable in two distinct operating modes, a diffusive flame combustion mode and a premixed flame combustion mode.