The object of the present invention is to provide a metal plate capable of manufacturing a deposition mask in which dispersion of positions of through-holes is restrained. A thermal recovery rate is defined as parts per million of a difference a distance between to measurement points on a sample before a heat treatment and a distance therebetween after the heat treatment, relative to the distance therebetween before the heat treatment. In this case, an average value of the thermal recovery rates of the respective samples is not less than −10 ppm and not more than +10 ppm, and (2) a dispersion of the thermal recovery rates of the respective samples is not more than 20 ppm.

Disclosed are thermoformed component having excellent coating adhesion and a method for manufacturing the same. The thermoformed component comprises a substrate layer and an aluminum coating coated on at least one surface of the substrate layer, wherein the average roughness Ra of a surface of the thermoformed component is between 1.0 μm and 3.0 μm, the peak height and the peak-to-valley height Rt are between 8 μm and 30 μm, and the roughness peak count Rpc is greater than or equal to 50. The thermoformed component has good paintability, good coating adhesion and good corrosion resistance, and is very suitable for automotive parts.

A method of forming a shaped steel object is provided. The method includes cutting a blank from an alloy composition including 0.05-0.5 wt. % carbon, 4-12 wt. % manganese, 1-8 wt. % aluminum, 0-0.4 wt. % vanadium, and a remainder balance of iron. The method also includes heating the blank until the blank is austenitized to form a heated blank, transferring the heated blank to a press, forming the heating blank into a predetermined shape to form a stamped object, and decreasing the temperature of the stamped object to a temperature between a martensite start (Ms) temperature of the alloy composition and a martensite final (Mf) temperature of the alloy composition to form a shaped steel object comprising martensite and retained austenite.

coating film having excellent adhesion, even without the presence of a chemical conversion film treatment out as an undercoat and a metal automotive part having the coating film.

A powder is deposited by powder-coating onto the surface of a metal automotive part that has been quenched after simultaneously forging, and tempering the metal automotive part and bake-hardening the deposited powder to form a skin film on the surface of the metal automotive part. The surface of the metal automotive part before the powder is powder-coated thereon is a work-hardened material surface that has been not been subjected to a chemical conversion filming treatment.

The present disclosure relates to a system for manufacturing a hybrid component including a first thermal supplier configured to heat a steel plate, a rolling roll for undercut configured to pressurize the steel plate heated by the first thermal supplier, and to form an undercut on one surface of the steel plate, a first molding roll configured to pressurize the steel plate formed with the undercut to mold the steel plate in a shape of a component to be manufactured, a composite material feeder configured to supply a composite material tape to be seated on one surface of the steel plate formed with the undercut through the first molding roll, and a composite material pressurization roll configured to pressurize the steel plate on which the composite material tape is seated.

A method for producing an austenitic heat resistant steel in which a difference between a content of Nb and an amount of Nb analyzed as extraction residues satisfies [0.170≤Nb−Nb.sub.ER≤0.480], the method including: a forming step of machining and forming a steel having a predetermined chemical composition into a product shape; a solution heat treatment step of performing, after the forming step, heat treatment under conditions including a heat treatment temperature satisfying [−250Nb+1200≤T≤−100Nb+1290] and a soaking time satisfying [405−0.3T≤t≤2475−1.5T]; and a cooling step of performing cooling after the solution heat treatment step.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention includes a base steel sheet having plural grooves on a surface and a glass film formed on the surface of the base steel sheet. In case of viewing region including grooves in cross section orthogonal to groove longitudinal direction, a straight line passing through peak point present on profile line of glass film and parallel to groove width direction orthogonal to sheet thickness direction in cross section is defined as reference line, a point present on boundary line between glass film and base steel sheet and present at lowest location in sheet thickness direction is defined as deepest point, and a point present on boundary line and present at the highest location in the sheet thickness direction in region having the deepest point in a center and having length of 2 μm in groove width direction is defined as shallowest point, a relationship between shortest distance A between reference line and deepest point and shortest distance B between reference line and shallowest point satisfies Expression (1).
0.1 μm≤A−B≤5.0 μm  (1)

A rolling bearing is a tapered roller bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, or a deep groove ball bearing including an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element, each of the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rolling element being composed of a steel, the rolling bearing having a quench-hardened layer in at least one of an inner ring raceway surface of the inner ring, an outer ring raceway surface of the outer ring, and a rolling contact surface of the rolling element. A ratio of a total area of a plurality of martensite crystal grains in the quench-hardened layer is more than or equal to 70%. The plurality of martensite crystal grains are classified into a first group and a second group. An average grain size of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group is less than or equal to 0.97 μm.

press hardening method includes the following steps: A. the provision of a steel sheet for heat-treatment, precoated with a zinc- or aluminum-based pre-coating, B. the deposition of a hydrogen barrier pre-coating over a thickness from 10 to 550 nm, and comprising at least one element chosen from among: nickel, chromium, magnesium, aluminum and yttrium, C. batch annealing of the precoated steel sheet to obtain a pre-alloyed steel sheet, the cooling after the batch annealing being performed at a speed of 29.0° C.h.sup.−1 or less, D. the cutting of the pre-alloyed steel sheet to obtain blank, E. thermal treatment of the blank to obtain a fully austenitic microstructure in the steel, F. the transfer of the blank into a press tool, G. the hot-forming of the blank to obtain a part, H. the cooling of the part obtained at step G).

A bearing part includes a quench-hardened layer in a surface of the bearing part. The quench-hardened layer includes a plurality of martensite crystal grains. A ratio of a total area of the plurality of martensite crystal grains in the quench-hardened layer is more than or equal to 70%. The plurality of martensite crystal grains are classified into a first group and a second group. A minimum value of crystal grain sizes of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group is larger than a maximum value of crystal grain sizes of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the second group. A value obtained by dividing a total area of the martensite crystal grains belonging to the first group by the total area of the plurality of martensite crystal grains is more than or equal to 0.5.