A non-stoichiometric nanocomposite coating and method of making and using the coating. The non-stoichiometric nanocomposite coating is disposed on a base material, such as a metal or ceramic; and the nanocomposite consists essentially of a matrix of an alloy selected from the group of Cu, Ni, Pd, Pt and Re which are catalytically active for cracking of carbon bonds in oils and greases and a grain structure selected from the group of borides, carbides and nitrides.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing more beautiful black coated steel sheets by uniformly blackening the coating layer. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing black coated steel sheets, which brings Zn—Al—Mg alloy coated steel sheets (1) into contact with steam in a closed container (10), wherein said closed container (10) can maintain a predefined internal pressure through variable control of the amount of steam flowing into said closed container (10) and/or the amount of steam flowing out of said closed container (10), and in said closed container (10) that can maintain said predefined pressure, said Zn—Al—Mg alloy coated steel sheets (1) have contact with the steam introduced into said closed container (10).

Processes for surface treatment of a workpiece are provided. In one example implementation, a method can include placing the workpiece on a workpiece support in a processing chamber. The method can include admitting a process gas into the processing chamber. The process gas can include an ozone gas. The method can include exposing the silicon nitride layer and the low-k dielectric layer to the process gas to modify a surface wetting angle of the silicon nitride layer.

Provided is a manufacturing method in which a coated solder wire having a dense polysiloxane coating film that is uniformly provided over the entire surface of the solder wire can be efficiently obtained in a single process. A coated solder wire is obtained by a manufacturing method that includes; a radicalization step for forming a radicalized organic silicon compound by mixing a reaction gas that has been plasmatized under atmospheric pressure and an organic silicon compound that is introduced by way of a carrier gas, and radicalizing that organic silicon compound; a reaction area formation step for forming a reaction area that is defined by a helical gas flow and in which the radicalized organic silicon compound is uniformly dispersed; and a coating step for forming a 4 nm to 200 nm thick polysiloxane coating film on the surface of a solder wire by transporting a solder wire inside the reaction area and causing the radicalized organic silicon compound to react with metal on the surface of that solder wire.

The present disclosure describes a metal-ion rechargeable battery that includes a metal (such as zinc, aluminum, potassium, sodium, lithium, or lithium-alloys) anode coated with at least one layer of a two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material. The at least one layer of the 2D TMD material, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS.sub.2), may be deposited on the metal electrode using electrochemical deposition. The battery may also include a carbon material cathode coated with at least one layer of manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2) or another electrode material. A method of forming such a battery is also described. Batteries that include metal anodes with 2D TMD material coating may have reduced series resistance, exhibit excellent reversible specific capacity, and have stable performance over many cycles with little to no dendrite formation on the metal anodes.

The present invention relates to a four-function steel surface treatment liquid and a preparation method thereof, the components of raw materials of the four-function steel surface treatment liquid per liter include: phytic acid of 15 g-18 g, hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid of 50 g-65 g, phosphoric acid solution of 280 g-320 g, manganous dihydrogen phosphate of 280 g-360 g, thiourea of 5 g-8 g, surfactant of 3 g-6 g, polyethylene glycol of 1 g-2 g, sodium molybdate of 5 g-8 g, and the remaining of water. The four-function steel surface treatment liquid provided by the present invention has the advantages of a good anti-corrosion property and a safe cleaning process, is simple, high efficiency, environmental protection, no hydrogen embrittlement on a metal substrate, no intergranular corrosion, no harm to human skin, no burning, no explosion, and non-toxic, and can be used repeatedly at a normal temperature.

A non-stoichiometric nanocomposite coating and method of making and using the coating. The non-stoichiometric nanocomposite coating is disposed on a base material, such as a metal or ceramic; and the nanocomposite consists essentially of a matrix of an alloy selected from the group of Cu, Ni, Pd, Pt and Re which are catalytically active for cracking of carbon bonds in oils and greases and a grain structure selected from the group of borides, carbides and nitrides.

In the present invention, there is provided a coating liquid for forming an insulation coating for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, including: a solvent; and one or two more layered clay mineral powders having a specific surface area of 20 m.sup.2/g or more. In addition, in the present invention, there is provided a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including: a base metal; and an insulation coating provided on a surface of the base metal, in which the insulation coating contains SiO.sub.2, and one or two of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and MgO, and has a porosity of 10% or less.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing more beautiful black coated steel sheets by uniformly blackening the coating layer. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing black coated steel sheets, which brings ZnAlMg alloy coated steel sheets (1) into contact with steam in a closed container (10), wherein said closed container (10) can maintain a predefined internal pressure through variable control of the amount of steam flowing into said closed container (10) and/or the amount of steam flowing out of said closed container (10), and in said closed container (10) that can maintain said predefined pressure, said ZnAlMg alloy coated steel sheets (1) have contact with the steam introduced into said closed container (10).

Processes for surface treatment of a workpiece are provided. In one example implementation, a method can include placing the workpiece on a workpiece support in a processing chamber. The method can include admitting a process gas into the processing chamber. The process gas can include an ozone gas. The method can include exposing the silicon nitride layer and the low-k dielectric layer to the process gas to modify a surface wetting angle of the silicon nitride layer.