The present disclosure relates to an electrophoretic composition and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly, to an electrophoretic composition which is applicable to a variable transmittance device which uses an electrophoretic method and a method for preparing the same. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, an electrophoretic composition which minimizes the settling problem caused by the gravity and allows the electrophoretic particles to maintain the stably dispersed pattern in the solvent and a method for preparing the same may be provided.

The present disclosure relates to an electrophoretic composition and a method for preparing the same, and more particularly, to an electrophoretic composition which is applicable to a variable transmittance device which uses an electrophoretic method and a method for preparing the same. According to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, an electrophoretic composition which minimizes the settling problem caused by the gravity and allows the electrophoretic particles to maintain the stably dispersed pattern in the solvent and a method for preparing the same may be provided.

Buffer generators are described based on electrodialytic devices. The methods of using these devices can generate buffers for diverse applications, including separations, e.g., HPLC and ion chromatography. Also provided are chromatographic devices including the buffer generators, generally located upstream from a chromatography column, sample injector valve or both.

Buffer generators are described based on electrodialytic devices. The methods of using these devices can generate buffers for diverse applications, including separations, e.g., HPLC and ion chromatography. Also provided are chromatographic devices including the buffer generators, generally located upstream from a chromatography column, sample injector valve or both.

Buffer generators are described based on electrodialytic devices. The methods of using these devices can generate buffers for diverse applications, including separations, e.g., HPLC and ion chromatography. Also provided are chromatographic devices including the buffer generators, generally located upstream from a chromatography column, sample injector valve or both.

Buffer generators are described based on electrodialytic devices. The methods of using these devices can generate buffers for diverse applications, including separations, e.g., HPLC and ion chromatography. Also provided are chromatographic devices including the buffer generators, generally located upstream from a chromatography column, sample injector valve or both.

A method of extracting hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon well includes receiving an aqueous solution including dissolved inorganic carbon, and extracting the dissolved inorganic carbon from the aqueous solution to create CO.sub.2 by changing a pH of the aqueous solution. The method also includes pumping the CO.sub.2 into the hydrocarbon well and, in response to pumping the CO.sub.2 into the hydrocarbon well, extracting the hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon well.

A method of extracting hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon well includes receiving an aqueous solution including dissolved inorganic carbon, and extracting the dissolved inorganic carbon from the aqueous solution to create CO.sub.2 by changing a pH of the aqueous solution. The method also includes pumping the CO.sub.2 into the hydrocarbon well and, in response to pumping the CO.sub.2 into the hydrocarbon well, extracting the hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon well.

Disclosed are methods and devices for detection of ion migration and binding, utilizing a nanopipette adapted for use in an electrochemical sensing circuit. The nanopipette may be functionalized on its interior bore with metal chelators for binding and sensing metal ions or other specific binding molecules such as boronic acid for binding and sensing glucose. Such a functionalized nanopipette is comprised in an electrical sensor that detects when the nanopipette selectively and reversibly binds ions or small molecules. Also disclosed is a nanoreactor, comprising a nanopipette, for controlling precipitation in aqueous solutions by voltage-directed ion migration, wherein ions may be directed out of the interior bore by a repulsing charge in the bore.

What is provided is a metal ion recovery device including a raw solution tank that is configured to store a metal ion containing raw solution including metal ions, a recovery liquid tank that is configured to store a metal ion recovery liquid including metal ions recovered from the metal ion containing raw solution, a cylindrical metal ion selective permeable membrane that partitions off the raw solution tank and the recovery liquid tank and selectively transmits the metal ions, an anode that is electrically connected to a surface of the selective permeable membrane on a side close to the raw solution tank, and a cathode that is electrically connected to a surface of the selective permeable membrane on a side close to the recovery liquid tank.