A method and system of controlling operation of wind turbines is provided, the method including (a) receiving a parameter value which is based on at least one sensor signal, (b) determining a difference between the received parameter value and a predetermined value, (c) comparing the difference with a threshold value, and (d) if the difference is below the threshold value, operating the wind turbines in a first mode of operation, (e) if the difference is not below the threshold value, incrementing an alert counter, comparing the alert counter with an alert threshold value, operating the wind turbines in a second mode of operation if the alert counter is smaller than the alert threshold value or if the alert counter exceeds the second threshold value and the difference is decreasing, triggering an alarm if the alert counter exceeds the alert threshold value and the difference is not decreasing.

A method and system of controlling operation of wind turbines is provided, the method including (a) receiving a parameter value which is based on at least one sensor signal, (b) determining a difference between the received parameter value and a predetermined value, (c) comparing the difference with a threshold value, and (d) if the difference is below the threshold value, operating the wind turbines in a first mode of operation, (e) if the difference is not below the threshold value, incrementing an alert counter, comparing the alert counter with an alert threshold value, operating the wind turbines in a second mode of operation if the alert counter is smaller than the alert threshold value or if the alert counter exceeds the second threshold value and the difference is decreasing, triggering an alarm if the alert counter exceeds the alert threshold value and the difference is not decreasing.

A system for computing wind turbine estimated operational parameters and/or control commands, includes sensors monitoring the wind turbine, a control processor implementing a model performing a linearization evaluation to obtain a structural component dynamic behavior, a fluid component dynamic behavior, and/or a combined structural and fluid component dynamic behavior of wind turbine operation, and a module performing a calculation utilizing the linearization evaluation of the structural component dynamic behavior, the fluid component dynamic behavior, and/or the combined structural and fluid component dynamic behavior. The module being at least one of an estimation module and a multivariable control module. The estimation module generating signal estimates of turbine or fluid states. The multivariable control module determining actuator commands that include wind turbine commands that maintain operation of the wind turbine at a predetermined setting in real time. A method and a non-transitory medium are also disclosed.

A system for computing wind turbine estimated operational parameters and/or control commands, includes sensors monitoring the wind turbine, a control processor implementing a model performing a linearization evaluation to obtain a structural component dynamic behavior, a fluid component dynamic behavior, and/or a combined structural and fluid component dynamic behavior of wind turbine operation, and a module performing a calculation utilizing the linearization evaluation of the structural component dynamic behavior, the fluid component dynamic behavior, and/or the combined structural and fluid component dynamic behavior. The module being at least one of an estimation module and a multivariable control module. The estimation module generating signal estimates of turbine or fluid states. The multivariable control module determining actuator commands that include wind turbine commands that maintain operation of the wind turbine at a predetermined setting in real time. A method and a non-transitory medium are also disclosed.

A grid-forming wind turbine control method for a diode rectifier unit-based offshore wind power transmission system. A control system for controlling a grid-side converter has a three-layered structure, where a first layer is a combination of an active power controller and a reactive power controller; a second layer is a voltage controller; and a third layer is a current controller. The actual reactive power is represented by a per-unit value of a capacity of a corresponding wind turbine unit. The wind turbine units have the same reactive-power reference value, which is constant and does not change with time. The reactive power controllers of all wind turbine units have the same structure and parameters.

A grid-forming wind turbine control method for a diode rectifier unit-based offshore wind power transmission system. A control system for controlling a grid-side converter has a three-layered structure, where a first layer is a combination of an active power controller and a reactive power controller; a second layer is a voltage controller; and a third layer is a current controller. The actual reactive power is represented by a per-unit value of a capacity of a corresponding wind turbine unit. The wind turbine units have the same reactive-power reference value, which is constant and does not change with time. The reactive power controllers of all wind turbine units have the same structure and parameters.

The present invention is an energy storage system comprising a mechanical bellows having an outer flexible material casing with one or more functional elements that operate as actuators for expanding and contracting the outer flexible material casing to store or deliver energy.

The present invention is an energy storage system comprising a mechanical bellows having an outer flexible material casing with one or more functional elements that operate as actuators for expanding and contracting the outer flexible material casing to store or deliver energy.

A method of operating at least one wind turbine including: receiving a first signal which is indicative of a level of a remuneration for electrical energy, which is fed currently and/or in the future into a grid to which the wind turbine is connected, producing a control signal dependent on the first signal, and controlling the wind turbine with the control signal for generating power of the wind turbine, that is dependent on the control signal. A wind turbine and a central control for carrying out such a method and a system comprising a central control and a plurality of wind turbines.

A method of operating at least one wind turbine including: receiving a first signal which is indicative of a level of a remuneration for electrical energy, which is fed currently and/or in the future into a grid to which the wind turbine is connected, producing a control signal dependent on the first signal, and controlling the wind turbine with the control signal for generating power of the wind turbine, that is dependent on the control signal. A wind turbine and a central control for carrying out such a method and a system comprising a central control and a plurality of wind turbines.