A device for charging and discharging a battery cell, and a method of charging and discharging a battery cell are provided. The device includes a pair of jigs configured to fix respective electrode leads of the battery cell. Each jig includes a first jig block configured to press a first surface of a corresponding electrode lead of the battery cell, a second jig block configured to press a second surface of the corresponding electrode lead facing the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, a first jig block control unit connected to the first jig block to move the first jig block toward the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, and an interval adjusting member arranged between the first and second jig blocks to control an interval between the first and second jig blocks.

A device for charging and discharging a battery cell, and a method of charging and discharging a battery cell are provided. The device includes a pair of jigs configured to fix respective electrode leads of the battery cell. Each jig includes a first jig block configured to press a first surface of a corresponding electrode lead of the battery cell, a second jig block configured to press a second surface of the corresponding electrode lead facing the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, a first jig block control unit connected to the first jig block to move the first jig block toward the first surface of the corresponding electrode lead, and an interval adjusting member arranged between the first and second jig blocks to control an interval between the first and second jig blocks.

The present invention discloses a hoisting container pose control method of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting system. The method comprises the following steps of step 1, building a mathematical model of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting subsystem; step 2, building a position closed-loop mathematical model of an electrohydraulic servo subsystem; step 3, outputting a flatness characteristics of a nonlinear system; step 4, designing a pose leveling flatness controller of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting subsystem; and step 5, designing a position closed-loop flatness controller of the electrohydraulic servo subsystem.

The present invention discloses a hoisting container pose control method of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting system. The method comprises the following steps of step 1, building a mathematical model of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting subsystem; step 2, building a position closed-loop mathematical model of an electrohydraulic servo subsystem; step 3, outputting a flatness characteristics of a nonlinear system; step 4, designing a pose leveling flatness controller of a double-rope winding type ultra-deep vertical shaft hoisting subsystem; and step 5, designing a position closed-loop flatness controller of the electrohydraulic servo subsystem.

There is provided an hydraulic actuation system for an aircraft, the hydraulic actuation system includes an actuator (A), a primary actuation arrangement to provide hydraulic fluid to control the actuator (A), wherein the hydraulic actuation system is configured to detect a fault in the actuator (A). The hydraulic actuation system also includes a secondary actuation arrangement to provide hydraulic fluid to control the actuator (A) in response to a detection of a fault in the actuator (A).

A sealing ring includes a first sealing element having a first mating surface and a second sealing element having a second mating surface. A high-pressure boundary extends across at least a portion of the first sealing element and across at least a portion of the second sealing element, and a low-pressure boundary extends across at least a portion of the first sealing element and across at least a portion of the second sealing element. The first mating surface, the second mating surface, or both, includes a recess open to the low-pressure boundary and not open to the high-pressure boundary. The recess may include a groove, for example. The first mating surface is sealed against the second mating surface by a first force acting on the first sealing element and a second force acting on the second sealing element. These forces act to pressure-lock the assembly.

A sealing ring includes a first sealing element having a first mating surface and a second sealing element having a second mating surface. A high-pressure boundary extends across at least a portion of the first sealing element and across at least a portion of the second sealing element, and a low-pressure boundary extends across at least a portion of the first sealing element and across at least a portion of the second sealing element. The first mating surface, the second mating surface, or both, includes a recess open to the low-pressure boundary and not open to the high-pressure boundary. The recess may include a groove, for example. The first mating surface is sealed against the second mating surface by a first force acting on the first sealing element and a second force acting on the second sealing element. These forces act to pressure-lock the assembly.

An example valve includes: a plurality of ports comprising: a first port, a second port, and a third port; a spool configured to block fluid flow from the first port to the third port while allowing fluid flow from the third port to the second port when the valve is in an unactuated state; a spring applying a biasing force on the spool in a proximal direction, wherein when the valve is actuated, the spool moves in a distal direction against the spring, thereby allowing fluid flow from the first port to the third port while blocking fluid flow from the third port to the second port; and a turbine configured to rotate as fluid flows from the first port to the third port when the valve is in an actuated state.

Problem to be solved: To provide a hydraulic circuit for the construction machine which enables to use the relief valve of low capacity in the work tool circuit. Solution: The hydraulic circuit 2 for a construction machine has: a hydraulic pump 4 of variable capacity, a work tool 6 operated by hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump 4, a work tool operating device 10 to output a signal for operating the work tool 6, a control valve 14 allowing the hydraulic pump 4 to supply the hydraulic oil to the work tool 6 based on the signal output from the work tool operating device 10, a tool's relief valve 44 to release the hydraulic oil flowing between the control valve 14 and the work tool 6, a pressure sensor 46 to detect a pressure of hydraulic oil flowing into the work tool 6, and a controller 48 to reduce a delivery rate from the hydraulic pump 4 when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 46 exceeds a predetermined value.

Problem to be solved: To provide a hydraulic circuit for the construction machine which enables to use the relief valve of low capacity in the work tool circuit. Solution: The hydraulic circuit 2 for a construction machine has: a hydraulic pump 4 of variable capacity, a work tool 6 operated by hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump 4, a work tool operating device 10 to output a signal for operating the work tool 6, a control valve 14 allowing the hydraulic pump 4 to supply the hydraulic oil to the work tool 6 based on the signal output from the work tool operating device 10, a tool's relief valve 44 to release the hydraulic oil flowing between the control valve 14 and the work tool 6, a pressure sensor 46 to detect a pressure of hydraulic oil flowing into the work tool 6, and a controller 48 to reduce a delivery rate from the hydraulic pump 4 when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 46 exceeds a predetermined value.