A dispensing unit having a circulation system for circulating a fluid in the dispensing unit is provided. The circulation system comprises, a circulation circuit, and a mechanism configured to circulate the fluid in the circulation circuit. By circulating the fluid, the fluid is counteracted from crystallizing. A method for circulating a fluid in a dispensing unit is also provided.

A skin effect heating system for long pipelines includes a heater cable disposed in a ferromagnetic or other conductive heat tube, the heater cable and heat tube cooperating to produce heat that is applied to the carrier pipe. The heater cable includes a conductor surrounded by an insulating layer that includes a generally tubular core insulation and a plurality of structural spacers extending from the core insulation. The spacers dispose the conductor closer to the center of the heat tube, and space the core insulation away from the heat tube in order to minimize or eliminate partial discharge at voltages in excess of 5 kV. The spacers may be axial or lateral “ribs” that contact the inner surface of the heat tube and create an air gap between the heat tube and the core insulation, the air gap significantly reducing charge buildup on the outer surface of the core insulation.

A heat conductor and a heated media line having an inner tubular fluid line and at least one heat conductor arranged on the periphery thereof. The heat conductor is formed by a braid made of twisted individual wires and, in particular, an outer protective sheath surrounding the heat conductor and the fluid line. The braid is formed by at least six individual wires surrounding a support element, of which at least one individual wire is made of a copper-nickel (CuNi) alloy, and the remaining individual wires are produced from copper (Cu) or from a nickel-chromium (NiCr) alloy. All of the individual wires have the same diameter.

A segment is fitted by screw-fastening for implementing a fluid transport pipe for transporting a fluid, the pipe including an inner wall and an outer wall, the segment including an inner tube and an outer tube that define an annular space between them. The segment includes in particular one heating duct placed in its annular space and opening out at either end of its annular space, the annular space being designed to be closed hermetically in order to enable it to be brought to a reduced pressure. A method of manufacturing the segment and a method of implementing the fluid transport pipe is described.

The invention relates to a method of managing the heating of fluids flowing in an undersea pipe network (2-1) providing a connection between a surface installation (6) and at least one undersea production well (4), the method comprising releasably connecting at least one fluid heater station (14a, 14b) to an undersea pipe and controlling said heater station as a function of the mode of operation of the pipe network.

The invention provides a heater station (2) for heating fluids flowing in an undersea pipe network, the station comprising at least one heater duct (6) made of conductive material designed to be connected to an undersea pipe (4) for transporting fluids, and at least one solenoid (8) wound around a portion of the heater duct and electrically powered to heat the heater duct portion by electromagnetic induction.

Described herein is an apparatus and method for avoiding frost buildup on the air intake and or ice buildup on the ice condensing surfaces of the exhaust vent of a condensing appliance. The apparatus comprises a heat-conducting path that extends between the exhaust gas in the exhaust vent of the appliance, and the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake opening of the combustion air vent. The heat-conducting path has a first section in thermal contact with the exhaust gas and a second section in thermal contact with the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake. In one configuration, the heat-conducting path is a heat pipe. In one configuration the heat-conducting path is a heat exchanger assembly. The passive transfer of heat energy via the heat-conducting path, from the exhaust gas to the frost condensing surfaces at or near the air intake, avoids frost buildup.

The invention relates to a pipetting device for automatic analysis instruments and a method for heating a volume of liquid in a heated pipetting needle.

A heat transfer element includes curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of a pipe for attachment thereto; and a channel configured to receive a tracer therein. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with heat transfer cement (HTC) to both the pipe and the tracer. A system includes a pipe and a tracer; HTC; and a heat transfer element having curved mounting surfaces configured to mate with an outer surface of the pipe and attached thereto via the HTC, and a channel in which the tracer is received and secured via HTC. The heat transfer element is configured to effect conductive heat transfer from the tracer to the pipe, or to process flowing through the pipe, when attached with HTC to both the pipe and the tracer.

Provided are an article including a joint portion of a fluororesin having sufficient strength, and a method of producing the same. The article includes a joint portion including: a porous first layer of a first fluororesin; a second layer of a second fluororesin having a melting point lower than a melting point of the first fluororesin; and a non-porous third layer formed between the first layer and the second layer, the non-porous third layer including the first fluororesin.