An optical system of the disclosure includes: a fluorescent unit that includes a phosphor region excited by a first color light beam to output fluorescent light including at least one color light beam, and outputs the first color light beam in a first period and outputs the fluorescent light in a second period; one or two light valves illuminated by at least one of the first color light beam or the fluorescent light; and a region division element including first and second regions and disposed on an optical path between the fluorescent unit and the one or two light valves, the first region outputting the first color light beam and the fluorescent light from the fluorescent unit to be able to reach the one or two light valves, the second region outputting the fluorescent light from the fluorescent unit to be able to reach the one or two light valves.

An optical sheet 5 is an optical sheet, at least a first surface of the optical sheet has unevenness. A sparkle contrast of the first surface measured in conformity with JIS C 1006: 2019 is 4% or less. An arithmetic average roughness Ra of the first surface measured in conformity with JIS B 0601: 2001 (with an assessment length set to 290 .Math.m) may be 0.6 .Math.m or less. A peak count RPc of the first surface measured in conformity with JIS B 0601: 2001 (with an assessment length set to 290 .Math.m) may be 16 or more.

A modular lighting system adapted to be installed in and illuminate an environment. The lighting system includes a first light fixture including a first canopy assembly adapted to engage a desired surface in the environment, a first light-emitting diode (LED) module, and a second LED module. The first LED module has a first connector assembly configured to mechanically and electrically connect the first LED module to the first light fixture via the first canopy assembly, the second connector assembly is configured to mechanically and electrically connect the second LED module to the first LED module, and the first LED module is interchangeable with a third LED module including a third connector assembly configured to mechanically and electrically connect the third LED module to both the second LED module and the first light fixture via the first canopy assembly.

Provided is a light-emitting device with reduced in-plane luminance variation. The light-emitting device includes a main substrate, a plurality of light sources, a plurality of lenses, and one or more light reflection members. The main substrate includes a central part and a peripheral part that surrounds the central part. The plurality of light sources are each disposed on the central part of the main substrate. The plurality of lenses are disposed to correspond to the plurality of light sources respectively. The plurality of lenses apply optical effects to beams of light from the plurality of light sources respectively. One or more light reflection members are each disposed on the peripheral part. The light reflection members each have reflectance that is higher than the reflectance of the main substrate.

Provided is a light-emitting device with reduced in-plane luminance variation. The light-emitting device includes a main substrate, a plurality of light sources, a plurality of lenses, and one or more light reflection members. The main substrate includes a central part and a peripheral part that surrounds the central part. The plurality of light sources are each disposed on the central part of the main substrate. The plurality of lenses are disposed to correspond to the plurality of light sources respectively. The plurality of lenses apply optical effects to beams of light from the plurality of light sources respectively. One or more light reflection members are each disposed on the peripheral part. The light reflection members each have reflectance that is higher than the reflectance of the main substrate.

An optical sheet 43 is built into a liquid crystal display apparatus in which a plurality of light sources 42 are dispersed on a back surface side of a display screen. One surface of the optical sheet 43 has an uneven surface. In a predetermined region R on the one surface of the optical sheet 43, a luminance enhancer 25 that improves the total light transmittance of the predetermined region R is provided so as to at least partially fill recesses 22a of the uneven surface.

The invention relates to an illumination system (10) for illuminating outdoor regions (5), such as a sports ground, for example. The illumination system (10) comprises a plurality of lamps (10) comprising a plurality of illumination elements (20), arranged in a non-co-planar manner on a frame (50) or in at least one housing (11), for generating a plurality of light beams (25) having an optical axis (23) substantially in the direction of the outdoor regions (5) and at least one shielding element (21) arranged in an upper region (22) of the plurality of illumination elements (20), arranged so as to shield at least one part of the plurality of light beams (25) in the direction of the horizon (8) and thereabove away from the ground.

An improved dimming apparatus is disclosed. Major economies are achieved by the ability to distribute groups of dimmers in proximity to the lamp loads that they control. Variations in the location and distance between the apparatus and lamp loads, as well as in the differing connector types installed on such loads, are addressed by terminating the six power stages contained in a common enclosure in a six-circuit multi-pole connector, such that a variety of prior art “break-out” adaptors between said multi-pole connector and individual circuit connectors can be selected among. The power input to the enclosure can be made re-configurable.

An improved dimming apparatus is disclosed. Major economies are achieved by the ability to distribute groups of dimmers in proximity to the lamp loads that they control. Variations in the location and distance between the apparatus and lamp loads, as well as in the differing connector types installed on such loads, are addressed by terminating the six power stages contained in a common enclosure in a six-circuit multi-pole connector, such that a variety of prior art “break-out” adaptors between said multi-pole connector and individual circuit connectors can be selected among. The power input to the enclosure can be made re-configurable.

A lighting system configured for daylight emulation. The system includes a plurality of light sources for generating a daylight-emulating output light spectrum and a ventilation element for generating a simulated breeze to artificially emulate conditions in an outside environment of an enclosed structure in which the lighting system is disposed. The system also includes a controller for dynamically controlling at least one of the intensity, directionality and color temperature to emulate sun position for at least one of a geography and time of day. The controller also controls the generated simulated breeze of the ventilation element to be one of a cool breeze and a warm breeze to artificially emulate the outside environment in correspondence with the artificially emulated daylight spectrum. The system further includes a networking facility that facilitates data communication with at least one external resource.