The invention discloses a vacuum cracking apparatus for a power battery and a cracking method thereof. The cracking device comprises a cylinder and further comprises a rolling device, a first sealing device, a cracking device, a second sealing device, a pyrolysis device and a third sealing device which are arranged from top to bottom. The cracking device for the power battery of the present invention is equipped with the first sealing device, the second sealing device and the third sealing device to isolate the cracking device from the pyrolysis device and be capable of realizing material transmission and gas isolation without interference with each other, so that gas stirring between an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone is avoided; and by combing battery cracking and battery pyrolysis, with cracked gas discharged after cracking as a fuel for cracking and pyrolysis or preheating a pyrolysis device, resources are fully used.

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body includes a heater element and a strip. The heater element is within the container body and includes an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material. The sheath extends along a predefined path through the container body and surrounds the electrical resistance element along the predefined path. The insulating material is disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath. The insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath. The strip is disposed inside the container body and defines a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path. The strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip. The heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations.

A heating apparatus for a fluid flow system having a container body includes a heater element and a strip. The heater element is within the container body and includes an electrical resistance element, a sheath, and an insulating material. The sheath extends along a predefined path through the container body and surrounds the electrical resistance element along the predefined path. The insulating material is disposed about the electrical resistance element between the electrical resistance element and the sheath. The insulating material electrically insulates the electrical resistance element from the sheath. The strip is disposed inside the container body and defines a tortuous geometry that follows the predefined path. The strip defines a plurality of openings at discrete locations along the strip. The heater element extends through the plurality of openings and is configured to contact the strip at the discrete locations.

Systems and processes provide for a thermal process to transform sludge (and a variety of other natural waste materials) into electricity. Dewatered sludge and other materials containing a high amount of latent energy are dried into a powdered biofuel using a drying gas produced in the system. The drying gas is recirculated and is heated by the biofuel produced in the system, waste heat (from turbines or internal combustion engines), gas (including natural gas or digester gas) and/or oil. The biofuel is combusted in a boiler system that utilizes a burner operable to burn biofuel and produce heat utilized in a series of heat exchangers that heat the recirculating drying air and steam that powers the turbines for electricity production.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a flare control method and a flare apparatus for automatically controlling, in real-time, the flow of one or more of fuel, steam, and air to a flare. The disclosed embodiments advantageously allow for automated control over a wide spectrum of operating conditions, including emergency operations, and planned operations such as startup and shutdown.

Provided is a waste water incineration method including (S10) supplying waste water to an evaporator to evaporate the waste water, (S20) supplying an evaporator top discharge stream discharged from the evaporator to an incinerator to incinerate the discharge stream, (S30) mixing a first incinerator discharge stream and a second incinerator discharge stream discharged from the incinerator to form a mixed discharge stream, and (S40) heat-exchanging the mixed discharge stream and a fresh air stream in a first heat exchanger, wherein the mixed discharge stream which has passed through the first heat exchanger is heat-exchanged in a second heat exchanger and discharged to the atmosphere.

In the disclosed solution sand to be cleaned is thermally cleaned by rotating the sand being cleaned in a large oven (1) by rotating the oven (1). Before cleaning, the sand may be pre-processed by crushing any lumps and cleaning the sand fraction by magnetic separation. Preprocessed sand to be cleaned and heat energy are fed (5) into the rotating oven. The oven (1) is set slightly inclined so that a second end of the oven (1) is lower than a first end. The inclination and rotating speed of the oven (1) as well as the feed amount of sand are adjusted, whereby the advancing speed of the sand may be adjusted, as well as the ratio of the sand being cleaned to the volume of the oven (1) kept as desired. The temperature of the oven (1) is monitored at the coldest area of the oven, which is substantially at the second end of the oven. The temperature of the oven (1) is adjusted by adjusting the amount of heat energy fed in. By means of temperature monitoring and knowing the advancing speed of the sand, it is also possible to determine the average temperature of the sand and adjust it as desired by adjusting the supplied heat energy. Finally, the cleaned sand is let run (12) from the second end of the oven (1).

An exhaust gas heating unit for an engine includes a housing and a heating element. The housing includes a tubular peripheral wall and has an interior hollow space. The heating element has first and second ends and extends longitudinally therebetween to form a spiral shape within the interior hollow space. The heating element includes a thermally conductive sheath, an electrically conductive resistance element that extends longitudinally within the external sheath, and an electrically insulating material disposed about the resistance element between the resistance element and the sheath. A heat transfer member is positioned within the interior hollow space and is formed from one or more strips of thermally conductive material. The strips contact the external sheath at a plurality of locations between the first end and the second end. The heat transfer member has a corrugated shape that follows the spiral shape of the heating element.

An exhaust gas heating unit for an engine includes a housing and a heating element. The housing includes a tubular peripheral wall and has an interior hollow space. The heating element has first and second ends and extends longitudinally therebetween to form a spiral shape within the interior hollow space. The heating element includes a thermally conductive sheath, an electrically conductive resistance element that extends longitudinally within the external sheath, and an electrically insulating material disposed about the resistance element between the resistance element and the sheath. A heat transfer member is positioned within the interior hollow space and is formed from one or more strips of thermally conductive material. The strips contact the external sheath at a plurality of locations between the first end and the second end. The heat transfer member has a corrugated shape that follows the spiral shape of the heating element.

The present disclosure is directed to a treatment system for medical and toxic waste. The system comprises two parts, a heterogeneous gasification system, in which syngas is produced from non-homogeneous waste, and a pyrolysis system, in which medical and hazardous waste are pyrolyzed using the syngas produced from the heterogeneous gasification system. The heterogeneous gasification system comprises a gasifier reactor having a reactor zone connected with an ash distillation zone, a re-fueling structure, an open-top water tank that wraps around the entire bottom section of the gasification system, and a gasification-agent supply module having a supply-end connected to the bottom of the gasifier reactor and a demand-end connected to the pyrolysis system. The pyrolysis system comprises a rotatable pyrolysis reactor having a horizontal and hollow cylindrical shape, a pyrolyzed-ash precipitator, which is connected to the pyrolysis reactor zone, and a condenser connected to the pyrolyzed-ash precipitator.