A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing air to an air preheater in excess of that required for combustion of fuel and providing the air at a mass flow such that the air preheater has a cold end metal temperature that is no less than a water dew point temperature in the air preheater and such that the cold end metal temperature is less than a sulfuric acid dew point temperature. The method includes mitigating SO.sub.3 in the flue gas which is discharged directly from the air preheater to a particulate removal system and then directly into a flue gas desulfurization system. Flue gas reheat air is fed from the air preheater to heat the flue gas prior to entering a discharge stack to raise the temperature of the flue gas to mitigate visible plume exiting and to mitigate corrosion in the discharge stack.

A waste treatment incinerator includes a furnace and a microwave transmitting module. The furnace includes a housing defining a treatment space. The furnace includes an activated charcoal layer located in the treatment space. An exhaust pipe is connected to the activated charcoal layer. The microwave transmitting module aligned with the activated charcoal layer. Treatment equipment includes the waste treatment incinerator, a heat exchange system, and a purification module. The heat exchange system includes a first heat exchange module connected to the exhaust pipe of the furnace and a reservoir connected to the first heat exchange module. The purification module includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The gas inlet intercommunicates with the first heat exchange module. A sprinkling area is disposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet.

A waste treatment incinerator includes a furnace and a microwave transmitting module. The furnace includes a housing defining a treatment space. The furnace includes an activated charcoal layer located in the treatment space. An exhaust pipe is connected to the activated charcoal layer. The microwave transmitting module aligned with the activated charcoal layer. Treatment equipment includes the waste treatment incinerator, a heat exchange system, and a purification module. The heat exchange system includes a first heat exchange module connected to the exhaust pipe of the furnace and a reservoir connected to the first heat exchange module. The purification module includes a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The gas inlet intercommunicates with the first heat exchange module. A sprinkling area is disposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing a steam generator system including a steam generator vessel, an air supply system and an air preheater. The air supply system is in communication with the steam generator vessel through the air preheater and the steam generator vessel is in communication with the air preheater. The air supply system provides a first amount of air to the air preheater. At least a portion of the first amount of air is provided to the steam generator vessel. A flue gas mixture is discharged from the steam generator vessel. At least a portion of the flue gas mixture flows into the air preheater. SO.sub.3 in the flue gas mixture is mitigated before the flue gas mixture enters the air preheater.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing air to an air preheater at a mass flow such that the air preheater has a cold end outlet temperature defined by the improved air preheater operating with increased heat recovery (HR) of at least 1% calculated according to the equation: HR=100%((TgiTgoAdvX)/(TgiTgoSTD)1). The method requires either reducing the amount of heat that flows into the air preheater from the flue gas and/or increasing the amount of heat extracted from the flue gas. The method includes mitigating SO.sub.3 in the flue gas which is discharged directly from the air preheater to a particulate removal system and then directly into a flue gas desulfurization system. The method includes extracting heat from the Flue gas to create equipment preheat and/or flue gas stack reheat air with the latter being fed to heat the flue gas prior to entering a discharge stack to raise the temperature of the flue gas to mitigate visible plume exiting and to mitigate corrosion in, the discharge stack.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing air to an air preheater at a mass flow such that the air preheater has a cold end outlet temperature defined by the improved air preheater operating with increased heat recovery (HR) of at least 1% calculated according to the equation: HR=100%?((Tgi?TgoAdvX)/(Tgi?TgoSTD)?1). The method requires either reducing the amount of heat that flows into the air preheater from the flue gas and/or increasing the amount of heat extracted from the flue gas. The method includes mitigating SO.sub.3 in the flue gas which is discharged directly from the air preheater to a particulate removal system and then directly into a flue gas desulfurization system. The method includes extracting heat from the Flue gas to create equipment preheat and/or flue gas stack reheat air with the latter being fed to heat the flue gas prior to entering a discharge stack to raise the temperature of the flue gas to mitigate visible plume exiting and to mitigate corrosion in, the discharge stack.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing air to an air preheater in excess of that required for combustion of fuel and providing the air at a mass flow such that the air preheater has a cold end metal temperature that is no less than a water dew point temperature in the air preheater and such that the cold end metal temperature is less than a sulfuric acid dew point temperature. The method includes mitigating SO.sub.3 in the flue gas which is discharged directly from the air preheater to a particulate removal system and then directly into a flue gas desulfurization system. Flue gas reheat air is fed from the air preheater to heat the flue gas prior to entering a discharge stack to raise the temperature of the flue gas to mitigate visible plume exiting and to mitigate corrosion in the discharge stack.

A method for improving effectiveness of a steam generator system includes providing a steam generator system including a steam generator vessel, an air supply system and an air preheater. The air supply system is in communication with the steam generator vessel through the air preheater and the steam generator vessel is in communication with the air preheater. The air supply system provides a first amount of air to the air preheater. At least a portion of the first amount of air is provided to the steam generator vessel. A flue gas mixture is discharged from the steam generator vessel. At least a portion of the flue gas mixture flows into the air preheater. SO.sub.3 in the flue gas mixture is mitigated before the flue gas mixture enters the air preheater.

A method and apparatus are provided for treating exhaust from a solid fuel combustion system such as a furnace or boiler and includes combusting a material in the combustion chamber and separating fly ash and char from a flue gas stream. The separated fly ash and char mixture is then separated further by separating smaller ash particles from larger char particles. The larger char particles are then reduced in size by a reducing device such as a grinder or crusher. Char particles that have been reduced in size by the grinder or crusher are then reinjected into the combustion chamber for re-burning.

An apparatus for evaporating waste water and reducing gas emissions includes an evaporator device configured to receiving a portion of flue gas emitted from a boiler unit and waste water to directly contact the flue gas with the waste water to cool and humidify the flue gas and to dry solid particulates within the waste water. In some embodiments, the waste water may be a component of a mixture formed by a mixer device prior to being contacted with the flue gas to humidify and cool the flue gas and dry solids within the waste water. An alkaline reagent as well as activated carbon can be mixed with the waste water prior to the waste water contacting the flue gas. Solid particulates that are dried within the cooled and humidified flue gas can be separated from the flue gas via a particulate collector.