The present application relates to compositions comprising difluoromethane (R-32), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), that are useful in refrigeration, air conditioning, or heat pump systems. Methods of replacing a refrigerant selected from R-410A, R-22, and R-134a in refrigeration, air conditioning, or heat pump systems are also provided.

A duct is provided and includes a tubular member having an inlet portion, an outlet portion and a central portion interposed between the inlet and outlet portions and a tributary tubular member fluidly coupled to the tubular member at the central portion. The tributary tubular member includes first and second torus sectors defining first and second apertures, respectively, through which an upstream end of the central portion extends. The second torus sector is disposed within the first torus sector to define a sectioned toroidal annulus about the first and second apertures and between an exterior surface of the second torus sector and an interior surface of the first torus sector.

To provide a working medium for heat cycle which has less influence over the ozone layer, which has less influence over global warming and which provides a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (the efficiency and the capacity), and a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (the efficiency and the capacity). A working medium for heat cycle comprising 1,2-difluoroethylene is employed for a heat cycle system (such as a Rankine cycle system, a heat pump cycle system, a refrigerating cycle system 10 or a heat transport system).

A system for condensing and phase separating a refrigerant fluid includes a condenser inlet header configured to receive a stream of refrigerant vapor. A condenser is in fluid communication with the condenser header and is configured to receive vapor and produce a mixed phase fluid stream. An elongated manifold separator including multiple mixed phase inlets is configured to separate mixed phase fluid received from the condenser. Resulting vapor and liquid streams exit vapor and liquid outlets of the manifold separator.

Heating and cooling optimization systems are disclosed. Such systems may include a superheater and desuperheater are disclosed. An example superheater may include a combined suction line accumulator and heat exchanger configured to receive a heated fluid from an external source. An example desuperheater may comprise an accumulation tank and a heat exchanger configured to receive a relatively cool fluid from an external source. Various external sources may be a solar thermal source, a wood chip boiler, a ground loop, a geothermal source, an attic space, a garage, and/or a chemical heat source. Disclosed heating and cooling systems may include a controller sub-system for selectively modulating a flow rate of heated fluid through the superheater and for selectively modulating a flow rate of cooled fluid through the desuperheater.

Refrigerant for a refrigeration device (1) comprising a gas mixture, said gas mixture comprising at least carbon dioxide, 1,1,1,2-tetrafiuoroethane and difluoromethane, characterised in that carbon dioxide has a mass percentage higher than 50 % in relation to the total mixture.

An air conditioner includes: a heat-source-side unit including a compressor and a heat-source-side heat exchanger; use-side units each including a use-side heat exchanger; an intermediate unit that causes the use-side heat exchanger of each of the use-side units to individually function as an evaporator or a radiator of a refrigerant; and two connection pipes that each connect the heat-source-side unit and the intermediate unit. The intermediate unit includes: an ejector that is configured to pressurize the refrigerant evaporated in the use-side heat exchanger that functions as the evaporator by using a driving flow; and a gas-liquid separator into which the refrigerant flowing out from the ejector flows.

A system and method of controlling temperature of a medium by refrigerant vaporization, the system including a container, at least one a refrigerant reservoir having at least one reservoir section that includes a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, a vapor pressure apparatus to provide regulation of refrigerant vapor pressure in the at least one refrigerant reservoir, whereby the refrigerant reservoir forms a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir section in response to receiving refrigerant and to the vapor pressure apparatus regulation of vapor pressure above the refrigerant to enable refrigerant vaporization at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective reservoir section.

The invention provides a system for energy distribution that uses liquid carbon dioxide as a working fluid. Evaporation of the carbon dioxide provides cooling, and compression of the carbon dioxide gas back to the liquid state provides heat. The amount of heat transferred at both stages is sufficient to provide environmental heating and cooling. Waste thermal energy from a power plant, in the form of hot water, is fed into the system and used to drive the overall process. An underground thermal energy storage system is used to store energy flowing into the system that is in excess of the current demand.

This invention relates generally to oil lubricated helium compressor units for use in cryogenic refrigeration systems, operating on the Gifford McMahon (GM) cycle. This invention provides redundancy between water cooling and air cooling if there is a blockage in the water or air supply by having air and water cooled after-coolers in series or parallel.