A system and method that uses a high-temperature condenser to collect magnesium produced by thermal reduction, electrolysis, or distillation. The condenser is a common heat exchanger design (shell/tube, plate/plate, etc.) and uses a heat transfer fluid to cool and condense magnesium gas, e.g., to 200-900° C. under vacuum or pressure conditions. Solid or liquid magnesium is collected in the condenser along with any by-products or impurities at a purity greater than 35 wt-% Mg. Magnesium is subsequently liberated from the condenser by raising the temperature of the system, lowering the pressure, or both, to induce a phase change in the metal, such as melting or distillation, for further purification to, e.g., >90 wt-% Mg.

A system and method that uses a high-temperature condenser to collect magnesium produced by thermal reduction, electrolysis, or distillation. The condenser is a common heat exchanger design (shell/tube, plate/plate, etc.) and uses a heat transfer fluid to cool and condense magnesium gas, e.g., to 200-900° C. under vacuum or pressure conditions. Solid or liquid magnesium is collected in the condenser along with any by-products or impurities at a purity greater than 35 wt-% Mg. Magnesium is subsequently liberated from the condenser by raising the temperature of the system, lowering the pressure, or both, to induce a phase change in the metal, such as melting or distillation, for further purification to, e.g., >90 wt-% Mg.

An evaporative cooler includes a first heat exchanger, a first coolant storage, a second coolant storage, and a first airflow drive. The first heat exchanger is capable of cooling a coolant flowing through the first heat exchanger, and cooling an air flowing through the first heat exchanger by way of the cooled coolant. The first coolant storage forms a first coolant circulating path with the first heat exchanger and provides the coolant to the first heat exchanger. The second coolant storage forms a second coolant circulating path with the first coolant storage and is capable of supplementing the first coolant storage with the coolant. The capacity of the second coolant storage is larger than that of the first coolant storage. The first airflow drive cooperates with the first heat exchanger to direct and eject the air flowing through the first heat exchanger.

A single-stage carbon dioxide multi-split cooling and heating multifunctional central air conditioner, comprising a single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system using carbon dioxide as a circulation working medium; the single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system comprises an outdoor unit and a plurality of end heat exchangers provided in parallel; and the carbon dioxide medium performs cooling and/or heating in a circulating manner in a carbon dioxide compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a liquid storage tank and the end heat exchangers which are in communication with one another.

A single-stage carbon dioxide multi-split cooling and heating multifunctional central air conditioner, comprising a single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system using carbon dioxide as a circulation working medium; the single-stage carbon dioxide circulation system comprises an outdoor unit and a plurality of end heat exchangers provided in parallel; and the carbon dioxide medium performs cooling and/or heating in a circulating manner in a carbon dioxide compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a liquid storage tank and the end heat exchangers which are in communication with one another.

A once-through dry adiabatic cooler having an integrated factory installed air pre-cooler system that is mechanized to move from a shipping position to an operational position.

A once-through dry adiabatic cooler having an integrated factory installed air pre-cooler system that is mechanized to move from a shipping position to an operational position.

An adiabatic cooling system includes a condenser coil and one or more adiabatic pads positioned such that intake air for the adiabatic cooling system passes through the pads prior to contacting the condenser coil. The adiabatic cooling system includes a vibration device attached to each adiabatic pad. A controller is communicatively coupled to the vibration device for each of the adiabatic pads. The controller determines that cleaning of the adiabatic pads is needed. In response to detecting cleaning is needed, the controller causes the vibration device attached to each adiabatic pad to vibrate, thereby causing debris in the one or more adiabatic pads to become loosened and/or removed from the adiabatic pads.

Cooling arrangement and method for cooling of a heat source. The cooling arrangement comprises a closed loop, a semi-open loop and at least one fan. The closed loop comprises a primary side of a liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger receiving a first cooling fluid heated by the heat source, a first air-to-liquid heat exchanger downstream said primary side, and a first pump returning the first cooling fluid to the heat source. The semi-open loop comprises a tank storing a second cooling fluid, a second pump drawing the second cooling fluid from the tank, a secondary side of the liquid-to-liquid heat exchanger receiving the second cooling fluid from the second pump, an evaporating pad downstream said secondary side, and an inlet fluidly connected to a source of the second cooling fluid. The at least one fan causes an air flow through the evaporating pad and through the first air-to-liquid heat exchanger.

An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner is provided, which includes a housing, multiple partition plates located in the housing and at least two heat exchangers arranged side by side. The multiple partition plates and the at least two heat exchangers separate the housing into multiple indoor air flow passages and multiple outdoor air flow passages, each heat exchange has a first heat exchange flow passage and a second heat exchange flow passage crosswise and independently arranged, the indoor air flow passages are in communication with the first heat exchange flow passages to form an indoor circulation passage, the outdoor air flow passages are in communication with the second heat exchange flow passages to form an outdoor circulation passage, and the fluid in the indoor circulation passages exchange heat with the fluid in the outdoor circulation passages through the at least two heat exchangers.