A method for testing a temperature measuring instrument is presented, where the instrument includes at least one sensor that changes its electrical resistance, and/or an electrical voltage that it produces, in response to being exposed to a change in temperature, and where the instrument is configured to be coupled to an object of interest. The method includes changing the temperature of at least one sensor by an amount that is detectable given the measurement resolution of the at least one sensor, by driving an electrical manipulation current through this sensor; obtaining one or measurement values from at least one sensor; and evaluating a state of the measuring instrument, a state of one or more of its sensors, and/or a state of a coupling to an object of interest, from the one or more measurement values.

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining and/or monitoring the temperature of a medium by means of a thermometer having at least one temperature sensor, the method including: determining a measured value for the temperature of the medium by means of a temperature sensor; determining a heat flow, in particular heat dissipation, in the region of the temperature sensor; and determining a measured value deviation for the measured value for the temperature on the basis of a model for heat dissipation in the region of the temperature sensor.

The application provides a temperature calibration method, including: under a condition that first temperature data of a temperature sensor and second temperature data of a temperature controller meet a temperature equilibrium condition, calibrating real-time temperature data of the temperature controller; and under a condition that the first temperature data and the second temperature data do not meet the temperature equilibrium condition, determining a temperature calibration constant value according to third temperature data of the temperature sensor and fourth temperature data of the temperature controller when temperature control is not performed and performing temperature calibration, by using a temperature calibration formula including the temperature calibration constant value, on the real-time temperature data obtained by the temperature controller. The application can solve the problem of insufficient accuracy of the temperature measured. The application further provides a temperature calibration system, and an electronic device, which have the beneficial effects.

According to one embodiment, a memory device includes a first nonvolatile memory die, a second nonvolatile memory die, a controller, and a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor incorporated respectively in the first nonvolatile memory die and the second nonvolatile memory die. The controller reads temperatures measured by the first and second temperature sensors, from the first and second nonvolatile memory dies. When at least one of the temperatures read from the first and second nonvolatile memory dies is equal to or higher than a threshold temperature, the controller reduces a frequency of issue of commands to the first and second nonvolatile memory dies or a seed of access to the first and second nonvolatile memory dies.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for determining and/or monitoring temperature of a liquid and to a method for manufacturing a corresponding apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one temperature sensor and a measuring element, wherein at least the temperature sensor and the measuring element are arranged in a single sensor head. Further arranged at least partially within the sensor head is at least one unit comprising a material with anisotropic thermal conductivity.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for determining and/or monitoring temperature of a liquid and to a method for manufacturing a corresponding apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one temperature sensor and a measuring element, wherein at least the temperature sensor and the measuring element are arranged in a single sensor head. Further arranged at least partially within the sensor head is at least one unit comprising a material with anisotropic thermal conductivity.

A method, apparatus and system for measuring a temperature can involve measuring a voltage with a resistance temperature detector using a variable excitation current, and deriving a process temperature from the voltage measured by the resistance temperature detector. The process temperature can be further derived by applying a plurality of values of the variable excitation current, measuring corresponding values of voltage, and estimating a resistance by applying a least square estimation. The process temperature can also be derived by applying a different value of the variable excitation current at every iteration, using a recursive least square estimation to measure a resistance, and using confidence intervals for instrument diagnostics.

A reference load includes a parallel connection of a resistor load having a resistor and a transistor load having a plurality of transistors, wherein a temperature coefficient of the resistor load is positive, and a temperature coefficient of the transistor load is negative.

Various implementations include a Human Thermoregulation Simulator (HTRS) that simulates the natural and primary thermoregulatory functions of a patient that are relevant during therapeutic hypothermia procedures. For example, in various implementations, a HTRS includes a core container configured to be at least partially filled with water, and the core container includes a heat generator configured to heat the water inside the core container. A middle container is disposed concentrically around the core container, and the middle container includes a foam layer configured to be saturated by water. An outer container is disposed concentrically around the middle container, and the outer container includes a network of tubing disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the outer container. The HTRS also includes a pump configured to circulate water from the core container through the network of tubing.

The present invention provides an adaptive temperature slope calibration method of a thermal sensor, wherein the method includes the steps of: obtaining a parameter of the thermal sensor under a temperature environment; calibrating a temperature slope of the thermal sensor by using the parameter of the thermal sensor obtained under the temperature environment without using parameter(s) of the thermal sensor under other temperature environment(s); and storing the temperature slope of the thermal sensor for subsequent use of detecting temperature.