A computer-readable non-transitory storage medium stores a multilayer fluid analysis program for analyzing a multilayer fluid as 2.5 dimensions in which each layer is divided into elements and each of the elements has information about a layer thickness in a finite element model for the multilayer fluid. The multilayer fluid analysis program allowing a computer to function as: a layer thickness calculation process for calculating the layer thickness of the elements from a simultaneous equation indicating a relationship between stress in a normal direction and a fluid viscosity in the elements without considering a fluid flow in a thickness direction of the layer thickness under a condition that stresses in the normal direction and a tangential direction are balanced at an interface of respective layers and a flow velocity at the interface is continuous; and a display process for displaying a calculation result.

A computer-readable non-transitory storage medium stores a multilayer fluid analysis program for analyzing a multilayer fluid as 2.5 dimensions in which each layer is divided into elements and each of the elements has information about a layer thickness in a finite element model for the multilayer fluid. The multilayer fluid analysis program allowing a computer to function as: a layer thickness calculation process for calculating the layer thickness of the elements from a simultaneous equation indicating a relationship between stress in a normal direction and a fluid viscosity in the elements without considering a fluid flow in a thickness direction of the layer thickness under a condition that stresses in the normal direction and a tangential direction are balanced at an interface of respective layers and a flow velocity at the interface is continuous; and a display process for displaying a calculation result.

A liquid chromatography system including a solvent delivery system, a sample delivery system in fluidic communication with solvent delivery system, a liquid chromatography column located downstream from the solvent delivery system and the sample delivery system, a detector located downstream from the liquid chromatography column, a thermal chamber housing at least one of the solvent delivery system, the sample delivery system, the liquid chromatography column and the detector, an engine configured to control the temperature in the thermal chamber, a heatsink operably connected to the engine, a first temperature sensor in the thermal chamber, a second temperature sensor, and a computer system configured to receive temperature information from each of the first and second temperature sensors, and implement a method for controlling temperature in the thermal chamber.

A method measures inside a blanket of mineral and/or plant fibres being moved by at least one conveyor with a conveyor belt. The method uses a measuring system including a sensor and an actuator for introducing the sensor into the blanket, the actuator being mounted on the conveyor belt and able to move the sensor between a retracted position and a measuring position inside the blanket. The method also includes introducing the sensor into the blanket by the actuator under the effect of the movement of the conveyor belt.

A method measures inside a blanket of mineral and/or plant fibres being moved by at least one conveyor with a conveyor belt. The method uses a measuring system including a sensor and an actuator for introducing the sensor into the blanket, the actuator being mounted on the conveyor belt and able to move the sensor between a retracted position and a measuring position inside the blanket. The method also includes introducing the sensor into the blanket by the actuator under the effect of the movement of the conveyor belt.

A method for measuring thermal resistance between a thermal component of an instrument and a consumable includes contacting a known consumable with a thermal component to be tested; driving the thermal component using a periodic sine wave input based on a predetermined interrogation frequency; measuring temperature outputs from a thermal sensor responsive to the periodic sine wave input; multiplying the temperature outputs by a reference signal in phase with the periodic sine wave input and calculating the resultant DC signal component to determine an in-phase component X; multiplying the plurality of temperature outputs by a 90° phase-shifted reference signal and calculating the resultant DC signal component to determine a quadrature, out-of-phase component Y; calculating a phase offset responsive to the periodic sine wave input based on tan.sup.−1 (Y/X) or atan2(X, Y); and determining a resistance value for the thermal interface using a calibrated resistance-phase offset equation and the calculated phase offset.

An apparatus and method for determining an amount of chemical input, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for determining the amount of a chemical to be added, which is necessary to achieve target water quality, wherein a required chemical concentration can be accurately calculated based on the temperature of the water and the target turbidity of the water includes an information-receiving unit configured to receive at least one of environmental information, chemical information, and water-quality information of the water present in a specific area and a chemical input determination unit configured to derive a multiple regression equation based on the received environmental information, chemical information, and water-quality information and to determine the future input of a chemical that is added to satisfy a target turbidity of the water present in the specific area based on the multiple regression equation.

An apparatus and method for determining an amount of chemical input, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for determining the amount of a chemical to be added, which is necessary to achieve target water quality, wherein a required chemical concentration can be accurately calculated based on the temperature of the water and the target turbidity of the water includes an information-receiving unit configured to receive at least one of environmental information, chemical information, and water-quality information of the water present in a specific area and a chemical input determination unit configured to derive a multiple regression equation based on the received environmental information, chemical information, and water-quality information and to determine the future input of a chemical that is added to satisfy a target turbidity of the water present in the specific area based on the multiple regression equation.

Methods for determining phase fractions of a downhole fluid via thermal properties of the fluids are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes measuring a temperature of a fluid flowing through a completion string downhole in a well and heating a resistive element of a thermal detector at a position along the completion string downhole in the well by applying power to the resistive element such that heat from the resistive element is transmitted to the fluid flowing by the position. The method also includes determining, via the thermal detector, a flow velocity of the fluid through the completion string and multiple thermal properties of the fluid, and using the determined flow velocity and the multiple thermal properties to determine phase fractions of the fluid. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.

Methods for determining phase fractions of a downhole fluid via thermal properties of the fluids are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes measuring a temperature of a fluid flowing through a completion string downhole in a well and heating a resistive element of a thermal detector at a position along the completion string downhole in the well by applying power to the resistive element such that heat from the resistive element is transmitted to the fluid flowing by the position. The method also includes determining, via the thermal detector, a flow velocity of the fluid through the completion string and multiple thermal properties of the fluid, and using the determined flow velocity and the multiple thermal properties to determine phase fractions of the fluid. Additional systems, devices, and methods are also disclosed.