A combinatorial optimization problem processing device is for associating a combinatorial optimization problem having N elements with an Ising model to process the combinatorial optimization problem. The combinatorial optimization problem processing device includes: a 1×2 Mach-Zehnder optical modulator that receives a polarized clock pulse train; an optical interference circuit that receives polarized clock pulse trains that were modulated by the Mach-Zehnder optical modulator; an optical coupler that couples output of the optical interference circuit with an initialization optical pulse train that creates a neutral state with respect to interactions between the elements; and a modulation signal generator that performs waveform shaping on an electrical signal obtained by photoelectrically converting an output signal of the optical coupler, generates a modulation signal for the Mach-Zehnder optical modulator, and externally outputs a monitor signal that represents a solution to the optimization problem. The optical interference circuit repeatedly allows a predetermined interaction in the Ising model to occur from the neutral state at a period corresponding to the N pulses of the polarized clock pulse train.

A photonic integrated device comprising: a photonic integrated chip (PIC) adapted to investigate blood flow at a portion of tissue of a user, said PIC comprising: a laser having an optical output, or waveguide for guiding an optical output from an external laser, the optical output being split into a first optical component and a second optical component; wherein the first optical component is arranged to be transmitted to and generate speckle at the portion of tissue of the user; the photonic integrated device further comprising: one or more detectors, each detector configured to receive the speckle generated by the first optical component at the portion of tissue; and one or more optical splitters optically coupling the second optical component to one or more respective input(s) of the one or more detectors; wherein the photonic integrated device is further adapted to measure interference at the one or more detectors between a sample arm formed by the first optical component and a reference arm formed by the second optical component.

Systems and methods relate to arranging atoms into 1D and/or 2D arrays; exciting the atoms into Rydberg states and evolving the array of atoms, for example, using laser manipulation techniques and high-fidelity laser systems described herein; and observing the resulting final state. In addition, refinements can be made, such as providing high fidelity and coherent control of the assembled array of atoms. Exemplary problems can be solved using the systems and methods for arrangement and control of atoms.

The disclosure provides a straight waveguide phase change all-photonic Boolean logic device and a full binary logic implementation method thereof, including a straight waveguide structure, a phase change functional unit covered on top of a waveguide and a protective layer thereof, and a waveguide Bragg grating structure. In terms of the logic implementation method, optical pulses are respectively input from two ends of the device to modulate the state of the phase change functional unit. The parameters of the waveguide Bragg grating structure are set to reflect the wavelength of the pump optical pulse, so that write pulses input from the two ends only act on the phase change functional unit closest to that end. A probe optical pulse with a specific wavelength is selected, and the probe light under the wavelength is less reflected by the waveguide Bragg grating and does not affect the reading of the state of the device. The disclosure has advantages such as anti-electromagnetic interference and parallel operation. Functions of 16 types of binary Boolean logic operation are implemented, which greatly improves the work efficiency of logic operation.

The disclosure provides a straight waveguide phase change all-photonic Boolean logic device and a full binary logic implementation method thereof, including a straight waveguide structure, a phase change functional unit covered on top of a waveguide and a protective layer thereof, and a waveguide Bragg grating structure. In terms of the logic implementation method, optical pulses are respectively input from two ends of the device to modulate the state of the phase change functional unit. The parameters of the waveguide Bragg grating structure are set to reflect the wavelength of the pump optical pulse, so that write pulses input from the two ends only act on the phase change functional unit closest to that end. A probe optical pulse with a specific wavelength is selected, and the probe light under the wavelength is less reflected by the waveguide Bragg grating and does not affect the reading of the state of the device. The disclosure has advantages such as anti-electromagnetic interference and parallel operation. Functions of 16 types of binary Boolean logic operation are implemented, which greatly improves the work efficiency of logic operation.

A two-photon logic gate introduces a phase shift between two photons using a Q-switched cavity with some nonlinearity. The two-photon logic gate catches photons in and releases photons from de-coupled cavity modes in response to electronic or photonic control signals. This “catch-and-release” two-photon gate can be formed in semiconductor photonic integrated circuit (PIC) that operates at room temperature. When combined with sources, linear circuits, other logic gates, and detectors, it can be used to make a quantum computer with up to 1000 error-corrected logical qubits on a cm.sup.2 PIC, with full qubit connectivity to avoid overhead. Two-qubit gate fidelity exceeding 99% is possible with near-term technology, and scaling beyond 99.9% is possible. Two-photon logic gates are also suitable for gate-based quantum digital computing and for analog quantum computing schemes, such as adiabatic quantum computing or quantum annealing.

A two-photon logic gate introduces a phase shift between two photons using a Q-switched cavity with some nonlinearity. The two-photon logic gate catches photons in and releases photons from de-coupled cavity modes in response to electronic or photonic control signals. This “catch-and-release” two-photon gate can be formed in semiconductor photonic integrated circuit (PIC) that operates at room temperature. When combined with sources, linear circuits, other logic gates, and detectors, it can be used to make a quantum computer with up to 1000 error-corrected logical qubits on a cm.sup.2 PIC, with full qubit connectivity to avoid overhead. Two-qubit gate fidelity exceeding 99% is possible with near-term technology, and scaling beyond 99.9% is possible. Two-photon logic gates are also suitable for gate-based quantum digital computing and for analog quantum computing schemes, such as adiabatic quantum computing or quantum annealing.

A component includes a memory region containing optically active material, a control arrangement configured to provide at least one control signal configured to change optical properties of the optically active material, and a detector configured to detect a change in the optical properties of the optically active material. The detector includes an evaluation input region configured to receive at least one evaluation input signal and an evaluation output region configured to provide an evaluation output signal. The memory region is arranged between the evaluation input region and the evaluation output region, and the control arrangement adjoins the memory region.

A electronic method, includes receiving, by a graphene structure, a SPP mode of a particular frequency. The electronic method includes receiving, by the graphene structure, a driving microwave voltage. The electronic method includes generating, by the graphene structure, an entanglement between optical and voltage fields.

A electronic method, includes receiving, by a graphene structure, a SPP mode of a particular frequency. The electronic method includes receiving, by the graphene structure, a driving microwave voltage. The electronic method includes generating, by the graphene structure, an entanglement between optical and voltage fields.