The present invention discloses a system for executing safety inspection and maintenance of an outdoor billboard by using a drone, which includes a drone (110) including an optical camera (111) and an infrared camera (112), and flying over a sky around a building in which the outdoor billboard is installed, and taking images of the outdoor billboard and a connection bracket (20) with the building; a monitoring unit (120) monitoring an image taken by the drone (110), and analyzing the image to identify deformation of an exterior (10) of the outdoor billboard and whether the connection bracket (20) is defective; a flight control unit (130) controlling a flight of the drone (110); and an inspection vehicle (140) driving through an inspection area of the outdoor billboard, and having a docking station (141) for landing and charging the drone (110) on a roof, in which safety inspection of an outdoor billboard is sequentially performed by using a drone while moving in an inspection vehicle, and maintenance is performed with one stop according to a safety inspection result by using a maintenance tool provided in the inspection vehicle.