A nuclear fusion apparatus comprising a tank filled with deuterium and tritium gas mixture, a fast rotating turbine that rotates inside the tank, and a motor to drive the said turbine. The turbine tip moves at a speed larger than the speed of sound of the gas to create shockwaves in the gas. The shockwaves emanate from the turbine tip. The shockwaves are then further compressed by cone-like shaped recessed members or wedge like grooves located near the turbine. The high heat and pressure created by compression of the shockwave create fusion reaction of the gas nuclei. Due to the fast rotation of the turbine and the large number of cone-like shaped members, thousands of small fusion events are created each second. Components are provided to induce resonance in the gas that increase the heat and pressure off the shockwaves.

Method for converting nuclear energy by fusing deuterium or tritium nuclei, which method comprises the initial step of providing a first atom, in turn comprising a first nucleus and a first electron, and a second atom, in turn comprising a second nucleus and a second electron, which method further comprises the following steps: a) bringing the first and second nucleus together at a distance of at the most 7 Å; b) applying a magnetic field (B) arranged to align spins of said first and second nucleus so that spin axes are antiparallel and directed either towards each other or away and projected on a common line between the first and second nuclei, which common line is parallel to the magnetic field (B); c) modifying the electron orbits of said first and second electrons such that a spatial distribution is skewed away from a region not located between the first and second nuclei along the common line, or ionizing said atoms; wherein the first and second hydrogen nuclei are brought together at said distance, with said spin orientation and said ionized or electron orbit modified state at one and the same time.

The invention also relates to a system.

Method for converting nuclear energy by fusing deuterium or tritium nuclei, which method comprises the initial step of providing a first atom, in turn comprising a first nucleus and a first electron, and a second atom, in turn comprising a second nucleus and a second electron, which method further comprises the following steps: a) bringing the first and second nucleus together at a distance of at the most 7 Å; b) applying a magnetic field (B) arranged to align spins of said first and second nucleus so that spin axes are antiparallel and directed either towards each other or away and projected on a common line between the first and second nuclei, which common line is parallel to the magnetic field (B); c) modifying the electron orbits of said first and second electrons such that a spatial distribution is skewed away from a region not located between the first and second nuclei along the common line, or ionizing said atoms; wherein the first and second hydrogen nuclei are brought together at said distance, with said spin orientation and said ionized or electron orbit modified state at one and the same time.

The invention also relates to a system.

There is disclosed a method of generating non-ionizing radiation, non-ionizing .sup.4He atoms, or a combination of both, the method comprising: contacting graphene materials with a source of deuterium; and aging the graphene materials in the source of deuterium for a time sufficient to generate non-ionizing radiation, non-ionizing .sup.4 1-le atoms. In one embodiment, graphene materials may comprise carbon nanotubes, such as nitrogen doped single walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Unlike an alpha particle, the non-ionizing .sup.4He atoms generated by the disclosed method are a low energy particles, such as one having an energy of less than 1 MeV, such as less than 100 keV. Other non-ionizing radiation that can be generated by the disclosed process include soft x-rays, phonons or energetic electrons within the carbon material, and visible light.

There is disclosed a method of generating non-ionizing radiation, non-ionizing .sup.4He atoms, or a combination of both, the method comprising: contacting graphene materials with a source of deuterium; and aging the graphene materials in the source of deuterium for a time sufficient to generate non-ionizing radiation, non-ionizing .sup.4 1-le atoms. In one embodiment, graphene materials may comprise carbon nanotubes, such as nitrogen doped single walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Unlike an alpha particle, the non-ionizing .sup.4He atoms generated by the disclosed method are a low energy particles, such as one having an energy of less than 1 MeV, such as less than 100 keV. Other non-ionizing radiation that can be generated by the disclosed process include soft x-rays, phonons or energetic electrons within the carbon material, and visible light.

A method for manipulating fractal forming information, also referred to as ct states, in a dimensional form of increasing and decreasing fractal compression roughly generated by the denominator of pi (fpix), n+1, and the formula 2f(x){circumflex over ( )}(2{circumflex over ( )}x) including transitional steps between those stepwise increases and decreases by altering the compression of decompression targeting fractal states of the composite dimensional features (next lower dimensional features) or the resulting dimensional features (next higher dimensional features). Steps include identifying the ct states which are to be manipulated, select a compression or decompression ct state component to change the selected ct states, adding the compression or decompression components to yield the new ct states.

A method for manipulating fractal forming information, also referred to as ct states, in a dimensional form of increasing and decreasing fractal compression roughly generated by the denominator of pi (fpix), n+1, and the formula 2f(x){circumflex over ( )}(2{circumflex over ( )}x) including transitional steps between those stepwise increases and decreases by altering the compression of decompression targeting fractal states of the composite dimensional features (next lower dimensional features) or the resulting dimensional features (next higher dimensional features). Steps include identifying the ct states which are to be manipulated, select a compression or decompression ct state component to change the selected ct states, adding the compression or decompression components to yield the new ct states.

An energy amplification agent 6 is supplied into a reactor 1 to generate fine particles of the agent 6 inside of the heated reactor by vaporizing the agent, and, then, the fine particles are ionized by electromagnetic waves to form a plasma space 5 including a combination of atoms of the fine particles, ions and electrons in which the fine particles themselves are decayed in plasma to be separated into protons, neutrons and electrons by electromagnetic waves in shape of standing waves emitted from a wall surface 1a and large-strength electromagnetic waves generated at an uncertain period through amplification functions of the fine particles, so that hydrogen is obtained, and heat is obtained in such a manner that protons and neutrons are mainly reunited with each other in a plasma atmosphere after the plasma decay when gas to be treated is supplied into the plasma space.

An energy amplification agent 6 is supplied into a reactor 1 to generate fine particles of the agent 6 inside of the heated reactor by vaporizing the agent, and, then, the fine particles are ionized by electromagnetic waves to form a plasma space 5 including a combination of atoms of the fine particles, ions and electrons in which the fine particles themselves are decayed in plasma to be separated into protons, neutrons and electrons by electromagnetic waves in shape of standing waves emitted from a wall surface 1a and large-strength electromagnetic waves generated at an uncertain period through amplification functions of the fine particles, so that hydrogen is obtained, and heat is obtained in such a manner that protons and neutrons are mainly reunited with each other in a plasma atmosphere after the plasma decay when gas to be treated is supplied into the plasma space.

Methods, apparatuses, devices, and systems for creating, controlling, conducting, and optimizing fusion activities of nuclei. The controlled fusion activities cover a spectrum of reactions from aneutronic, fusion reactions that produce essentially no neutrons, to neutronic, fusion reactions that produce substantial numbers of neutrons.