A pressure sensor element and a receiving circuit are formed on an IC chip. A transmitting circuit and a piezoelectric element of an actuator are respectively formed on a transmitting chip and a piezoelectric chip. The piezoelectric chip and the pressure sensor face each other separated by a distance in an airtight first space surrounded by a package main body and a base substrate. Dielectric breakdown voltage of signal transmission from the primary side to the secondary side is set by the distance. The first space is a pressure propagation region including an insulating medium capable of transmitting vibrations of the piezoelectric element as pressure. The signal transmission is performed with high insulation by the pressure generated in the pressure propagation region between components integrated in a single module by insulating the primary side and the secondary side from each other by the insulating medium of the pressure propagation region.

A pressure sensor element and a receiving circuit are formed on an IC chip. A transmitting circuit and a piezoelectric element of an actuator are respectively formed on a transmitting chip and a piezoelectric chip. The piezoelectric chip and the pressure sensor face each other separated by a distance in an airtight first space surrounded by a package main body and a base substrate. Dielectric breakdown voltage of signal transmission from the primary side to the secondary side is set by the distance. The first space is a pressure propagation region including an insulating medium capable of transmitting vibrations of the piezoelectric element as pressure. The signal transmission is performed with high insulation by the pressure generated in the pressure propagation region between components integrated in a single module by insulating the primary side and the secondary side from each other by the insulating medium of the pressure propagation region.

In one example, a server obtains an indication that a first mobile device is in a predetermined proximity to a non-mobile device. In response, the server permits the first mobile device to pair with the non-mobile device. The server generates whitelisted information associated with the first mobile device by adding information associated with the first mobile device to a whitelist that controls mobile device pairing for the non-mobile device. The server also obtains an indication that a given mobile device has obtained one or more keep-alive messages from the non-mobile device. Based on the whitelisted information, the server determines whether to permit the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device. In response to determining to permit the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device, the server permits the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device.

In one example, a server obtains an indication that a first mobile device is in a predetermined proximity to a non-mobile device. In response, the server permits the first mobile device to pair with the non-mobile device. The server generates whitelisted information associated with the first mobile device by adding information associated with the first mobile device to a whitelist that controls mobile device pairing for the non-mobile device. The server also obtains an indication that a given mobile device has obtained one or more keep-alive messages from the non-mobile device. Based on the whitelisted information, the server determines whether to permit the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device. In response to determining to permit the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device, the server permits the given mobile device to pair or remain paired with the non-mobile device.

Provided herein are hybrid optical/acoustic wireless communications platforms for aquatic environments, the platforms comprising: an optical communications system configured to send and receive optical communications signals along a bed of the aquatic environment; an optical/acoustic communications signal converter; and an acoustic communications system configured to send and receive acoustic communications signals between the bed of the aquatic environment and a surface of the aquatic environment.

Provided herein are hybrid optical/acoustic wireless communications platforms for aquatic environments, the platforms comprising: an optical communications system configured to send and receive optical communications signals along a bed of the aquatic environment; an optical/acoustic communications signal converter; and an acoustic communications system configured to send and receive acoustic communications signals between the bed of the aquatic environment and a surface of the aquatic environment.

A system and method is provided for transmitting signals ultrasonically among a network of implantable and wearable biological devices. The devices includes one or more implantable nodes, which include a sensing and/or actuating unit, at least one gateway node, and at least one access point node. Ultrasonic signals can be transmitted through the body by the implantable nodes to and from the gateway node, for transmission to and from the access point node. The access point node can be connected to the Internet. In this manner, remote instructions can be transmitted to the implantable nodes and data obtained at the implantable nodes can be transmitted to remote sites.

A method of communicating with an ingestible capsule includes detecting the location of the ingestible capsule, focusing a multi-sensor acoustic array on the ingestible capsule, and communicating an acoustic information exchange with the ingestible capsule via the multi-sensor acoustic array. The ingestible capsule includes a sensor that receives a stimulus inside the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, a bidirectional acoustic information communications module that transmits an acoustic information signal containing information from the sensor, and an acoustically transmissive encapsulation that substantially encloses the sensor and communications module, wherein the acoustically transmissive encapsulation is of ingestible size. The multi-sensor array includes a plurality of acoustic transducers that receive an acoustic signal from a movable device, and a plurality of delays, wherein each delay is coupled to a corresponding acoustic transducer. Each delay may be adjusted according to a phase of a signal received by the corresponding acoustic transducer.

A method of communicating with an ingestible capsule includes detecting the location of the ingestible capsule, focusing a multi-sensor acoustic array on the ingestible capsule, and communicating an acoustic information exchange with the ingestible capsule via the multi-sensor acoustic array. The ingestible capsule includes a sensor that receives a stimulus inside the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, a bidirectional acoustic information communications module that transmits an acoustic information signal containing information from the sensor, and an acoustically transmissive encapsulation that substantially encloses the sensor and communications module, wherein the acoustically transmissive encapsulation is of ingestible size. The multi-sensor array includes a plurality of acoustic transducers that receive an acoustic signal from a movable device, and a plurality of delays, wherein each delay is coupled to a corresponding acoustic transducer. Each delay may be adjusted according to a phase of a signal received by the corresponding acoustic transducer.

The present disclosure relates to a location determination system that includes acoustic transmitting devices (104), location tags (112), and a wireless mesh network (106), where the wireless mesh network uses battery-powered devices. A location tag receives acoustic signals (e.g., ultrasound signals) from an acoustic transmitting device. Clocks from members of the wireless mesh network are synchronized by observation of clock pairings, each clock pair formed by respective clocks in a transmitting device that transmits a message and a receiving device that receives the message. By analyzing the observed clock pairings, a best fit between the clock pairings may be determined. After selecting a reference clock, an acoustic transmission schedule may be propagated to the respective acoustic transmitting device.