Systems and techniques are disclosed for establishing inbound calls and outbound calls involving inmates and outside parties. One exemplary technique receives input identifying authorized sources who are authorized to initiate and conduct calls with an inmate and stores a list of the authorized sources. The list, for example, can include telephone numbers, VOIP caller identifiers, and/or call privileges associated with the sources. The technique receives an inbound call directed to the inmate and determines whether the source of the inbound call is authorized or not, for example, by comparing information about the source with information in the list of authorized sources and/or based on the call privileges. If the source is authorized, the call is permitted. If not the technique routes the call to a payment interface for the caller to provide payment information.

A method and relay for relaying messages. The relay includes tests reliability relating solely to messages estimated with error and taken in their form prior to error detection in order to be able to separate messages that are reliable and messages that are not reliable. The relay also includes a shaper unit having a channel interleaver and a modulator taking account only of the messages estimated without error and of those messages estimated with error that are reliable, this shaping being performed in soft form if at least one message estimated with error successfully passes the reliability test.

In a method in a computer system for recoding a coded intermediate variable into a recoded result variable a product is formed by multiplying an input constant by an input variable to be coded. The coded intermediate variable is formed as a function of the product and a multiplicative inverse is determined on the basis of the input constant. The multiplicative inverse is applied to the coded intermediate variable, so that no uncoded or partially uncoded interim result is produced and/or an error information potentially contained in the coded intermediate variable is still detectable in the interim result.

In a method in a computer system for recoding a coded intermediate variable into a recoded result variable a product is formed by multiplying an input constant by an input variable to be coded. The coded intermediate variable is formed as a function of the product and a multiplicative inverse is determined on the basis of the input constant. The multiplicative inverse is applied to the coded intermediate variable, so that no uncoded or partially uncoded interim result is produced and/or an error information potentially contained in the coded intermediate variable is still detectable in the interim result.

A multiple dwelling house interphone system includes a collective entrance machine, a dwelling room master device, and a management master device. The collective entrance machine is for calling a visit destination by a visitor. The dwelling room master device is for responding to the call by a dweller. The management master device is for speaking with the dweller by a manager. The management master device includes a speech permissibility storage section and a speech control section. The speech permissibility storage section registers a permissibility of calling and speaking to the dwelling room master device for each dwelling unit. The speech control section controls the calling and speaking. The speech control section does not perform the calling control when a calling operation by the management master device is performed towards the dwelling room master device of a dwelling unit registered as “unpermitted” in the speech permissibility storage section.

A multiple dwelling house interphone system includes a collective entrance machine, a dwelling room master device, and a management master device. The collective entrance machine is for calling a visit destination by a visitor. The dwelling room master device is for responding to the call by a dweller. The management master device is for speaking with the dweller by a manager. The management master device includes a speech permissibility storage section and a speech control section. The speech permissibility storage section registers a permissibility of calling and speaking to the dwelling room master device for each dwelling unit. The speech control section controls the calling and speaking. The speech control section does not perform the calling control when a calling operation by the management master device is performed towards the dwelling room master device of a dwelling unit registered as “unpermitted” in the speech permissibility storage section.

Techniques for detecting puncturing of a first PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) associated with a UE (user equipment) by a second PDSCH with a shorter TTI (transmission time interval) are discussed. A base station (e.g., Evolved NodeB or eNB) can configure the UE for potential puncturing and/or parameter(s) of the second PDSCH. The UE can detect puncturing of the first PDSCH based on the configuration, and can discard punctured symbols to mitigate interference from the second PDSCH.

A buffer memory storing first parity data for a first stream of data associated with data that is stored at a storage system may be identified. A request to store second parity data for a second stream of data associated with data that is to be stored at the storage system may be received and a characteristic of the first stream of data may be identified. A determination may be made as to whether to replace the first parity data for the first stream with the second parity data for the second stream based on the characteristic of the first stream of data. In response to determining to replace the first parity data with the second parity data based on the characteristic, the second parity data for the second stream of data may be generated and stored at the buffer memory to replace the first parity data.

A data storage apparatus includes a nonvolatile memory device and a controller configured to decode on normal read data read from a target memory cell, calculate a standard deviation of history read voltages for a target memory block including the target memory cell when the decoding of the normal read data fails, compare the calculated standard deviation with a preset first threshold value and a preset second threshold value, and determine a decoding type and a decoding order for the target memory cell based on a comparison result.

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). An apparatus and a method for channel encoding and decoding in a communication or broadcasting system is provided. According to the present disclosure, the method for channel encoding in a communication or broadcasting system includes determining a block size Z, and performing encoding based on the block size and a parity check matrix corresponding to the block size, in which the block size is included in any one of the plurality of block size groups and the parity check matrix is different for each block size group.