Methods are described for constructing a mechanical resonating structure by applying an active layer on a surface of a compensating structure. The compensating structure comprises one or more materials having an adaptive resistance to deform that reduces a variance in a resonating frequency of the mechanical resonating structure, wherein at least the active layer and the compensating structure form a mechanical resonating structure having a plurality of layers of materials A thickness of each of the plurality of layers of materials results in a plurality of thickness ratios therebetween.

Embodiments are disclosed for a loudspeaker driven by one or more piezoelectric actuators. In embodiments of the disclosure, a loudspeaker comprises a support structure, and a piezoelectric layered cantilever actuator affixed to the support structure via at least two grips. The support structure may also comprise a membrane suspended over the piezoelectric actuator, the membrane being in contact with the piezoelectric actuator between the at least two grips.

A piezoelectric sounding component includes a diaphragm, a case having a case body and a lid, and two pin terminals disposed on the lid such that the two pin terminals are in contact with the diaphragm. At least one of the pin terminals includes an extended portion, an extension portion, a rising portion, and a contact portion. A first fixing portion fixes the position of a first bent portion and a first guide portion that is in contact with a second bent portion and that guides posture of the pin terminal are on a surface of the lid that faces the interior space.

A transducer assembly comprises a housing and a plurality of frequency steered transducer array elements. Each of the transducer array elements includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements. The frequency steered transducer array elements are configured to receive a transmit electronic signal including a plurality of frequency components and to transmit an array of sonar beams into a body of water. Each sonar beam is transmitted in an angular direction that varies according to one of the frequency components of the transmit electronic signal. The frequency steered transducer array elements are positioned within the housing in a fan-shaped configuration where an end section of at least two of the frequency steered transducer array elements are within an intersection range of each other.

A micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) actuator device includes a frame, and a first functional sub-structure positioned within the frame and mechanically coupled thereto by supporting elements. The first functional sub-structure is subdivided into first and second portions. The first portion is subdivided into first and second sub-portions separated from one another by a first through trench, and the second portion is subdivided into first and second sub-portions separated from one another by a second through trench. First and second piezo-electric structures are respectively carried by the first and second sub-portions of the first portion. Third and fourth piezo-electric structures are respectively carried by the first and second sub-portions of the second portion. A third through trench extends between the frame and the first functional sub-structure except for regions in which the supporting elements are present.

A transducer assembly comprises a housing and a plurality of frequency steered transducer array elements. Each of the transducer array elements includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements. The frequency steered transducer array elements are configured to receive a transmit electronic signal including a plurality of frequency components and to transmit an array of sonar beams into a body of water. Each sonar beam is transmitted in an angular direction that varies according to one of the frequency components of the transmit electronic signal. The frequency steered transducer array elements are positioned within the housing in a fan-shaped configuration where an end section of at least two of the frequency steered transducer array elements are within an intersection range of each other.

An ultrasonic transducer and a method for producing an ultrasonic transducer are disclosed wherein the ultrasonic transducer has outstanding media resistance and a simpler construction by reducing the number of individual parts, so that the ultrasonic transducer can be produced in a fully-automated production process. The ultrasonic transducer, particularly for measurement of fluid volumes, can include a housing in which a contact element and a piezoceramic are arranged, wherein the piezoceramic includes two electrodes of differing polarity which are attached to different sides of the piezoceramic, wherein contact areas of the two electrodes for making electrical contact are disposed on a same side of the piezoceramic and the contact element includes at least two contact sections of differing polarity which are in electrically conducting contact with the contact areas of the two electrodes of corresponding polarity.

A transducer assembly comprises a housing and a plurality of frequency steered transducer array elements. Each of the transducer array elements includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements. The frequency steered transducer array elements are configured to receive a transmit electronic signal including a plurality of frequency components and to transmit an array of sonar beams into a body of water. Each sonar beam is transmitted in an angular direction that varies according to one of the frequency components of the transmit electronic signal. The frequency steered transducer array elements are positioned within the housing in a fan-shaped configuration where an end section of at least two of the frequency steered transducer array elements are within an intersection range of each other.

A micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) actuator device includes a frame, and a first functional sub-structure positioned within the frame and mechanically coupled thereto by supporting elements. The first functional sub-structure is subdivided into first and second portions. The first portion is subdivided into first and second sub-portions separated from one another by a first through trench, and the second portion is subdivided into first and second sub-portions separated from one another by a second through trench. First and second piezo-electric structures are respectively carried by the first and second sub-portions of the first portion. Third and fourth piezo-electric structures are respectively carried by the first and second sub-portions of the second portion. A third through trench extends between the frame and the first functional sub-structure except for regions in which the supporting elements are present.

A micro-electro-mechanical actuator device includes a fixed structure and a mobile structure. The mobile structure includes a first deformable band, a second deformable band, and a third deformable band, both of which extend on opposite sides of the first deformable band, each of which carries a piezoelectric actuator. In a working condition, in which the second and third piezoelectrics are biased, the second and third deformable bands are subjected to a negative bending, while the first deformable band is subjected to a positive bending. There are thus generated two translations that add together, causing a displacement of the first deformable band greater than the one that may be obtained by a single membrane of an equal base area.