Electric heating system and heating method capable of adapting to various voltages are provided. The electric heating system includes: multiple heating elements, a controller, a variable-frequency charging element and at least one electric connector. The controller is electrically connected to the multiple heating elements arranged in parallel. The controller is electrically connected to the at least one electric connector through the variable-frequency charging element, allowing the electric connector to connect to power sources with different rated powers and delivers electricity to the multiple heating elements according to preset power-on logic. By adopting specific heating logic, the electric heating system and the heating method are applicable to various types of voltage inputs, independent temperature control for multiple pads is available, and adaption to all types of external power sources is enabled so as to ensure that 10 W, 18 W and 40 W external power sources can all operate at respective rated powers.

The invention provides a surface covering product, in particular a floor covering product, comprising boundary walls defining a lower face which in use faces a surface to be covered, said boundary walls having an upper face extending up to 60 cm from said lower face, said boundary walls dividing a part of said surface to be covered into at least partially enclosed surface parts and providing a boundary for at least one filling composition in said at least partially enclosed surface parts, wherein said surface covering product further comprises a base web having said boundary walls coupled to said base web for holding said boundary walls in position, and said base web comprises an upper surface below said upper face of said boundary walls, and a lower surface which in use rests on said surface to be covered, said boundary walls are coupled on top of said base web, and in use said filling composition covers said base web and at least part of said boundary walls, and wherein at least said boundary walls are formed in a three-dimensional (3D) printing process.

A method of realizing a ferroic response is provided. The method includes applying a positive or negative conjugate field, which is of a first polarity, to a ferroic material to obtain a substantially minimized entropy of the ferroic material (301) and applying a slightly negative or a slightly positive conjugate field, which is of a second polarity opposite the first polarity, to the ferroic material to obtain a substantially maximized entropy of the ferroic material (302).

A condensate chamber is a housing having an inlet, an outlet, a base, a top wall, and upstanding sidewalls. The upstanding sidewalls include a first end sidewall, a second end sidewall, a first side sidewall, and a second side sidewall. A divider is disposed within the housing and includes a proximal end disposed against the first end sidewall and extends towards the second end sidewall. A gap is defined in between a distal end of the divider and the second end sidewall. The divider defines a serpentine channel within the housing starting at the inlet and ending at the outlet.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus (100) for magnetic cooling. The apparatus (100) includes a first region (110) for magnetizing two or more magnetic elements (120-1, 120-2, 120-3) of different sizes; two or more second regions (130-1, 130-2, 130-3); and two or more channels (140-1, 140-2, 140-3) having different sizes, wherein each channel of the two or more channels (140-1, 140-2, 140-3) connects the first region (110) and a respective second region of the two or more second regions (130-1, 130-2, 130-3), and wherein the two or more channels (140-1, 140-2, 140-3) are configured for a transport of the two or more magnetic elements (120-1, 120-2, 120-3) from the first region (110) to the two or more second regions (130-1, 130-2, 130-3).

A polymer including VDF-based units having an electrocaloric effect under the effect of a variable electric field. The polymer includes 0.1 to 10.0 mol % double bonds, which are substantially non-conjugated. Also, a corresponding composition including the polymer, a corresponding film including the polymer, and to various uses of the polymer.

A water heater includes an inner water tube coil and an outer water tube coil separated by a drum baffle. The inner and outer coils extend above a top edge of the drum baffle by at least a full turn of each coil. A flue gas bypass path is defined between a top edge of the drum baffle and a top insulation layer above the inner and outer coils. Flue gases flow radially though the inner coil, up along the drum baffle, through the flue gas bypass path, and downwardly over the outer coil to heat water flowing through the inner and outer coils. The water flows into the outer coil at the bottom of the coil, winds upwardly through the outer coil in countercurrent flow with respect to the flue gases, then down through the inner coil.

An integrated pressure condensing boiler is provided which relates to the technical field of boilers. The integrated pressure condensing boiler includes a pressure-bearing housing, a heat-exchange furnace arranged in the pressure-bearing housing, a combustion chamber communicating with the heat-exchange furnace and cooling tube groups fixed in the heat-exchange furnace. Heat-exchange medium flows from bottom to top in the pressure-bearing housing and in the cooling tube groups, and exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas flowing from top to bottom in the heat-exchange furnace, thus achieving a counterflow heat exchanging. The heat-exchange furnace includes a multi-stage heat-exchange chamber with each heat-exchange chamber being cylindrical. The heat-exchange chambers are arranged in sequence from top to bottom to achieve a flue gas diffusing manner that high-temperature flue gas diffuses from center part to periphery and then gathers from periphery to center part.

The present invention discloses an atomizer. The atomizer includes a concentrate reservoir volume that is in fluid communication with a concentrate vaporization assembly. The concentrate vaporization assembly includes a frit adapted to absorb concentrate from the concentrate reservoir volume. The concentrate vaporization assembly further includes a heating element adapted to heat the frit and absorbed concentrate. The atomizer further includes a vapor collection and discharge assembly including a vapor accumulation chamber in fluid communication with the frit and a vapor evacuation channel in fluid communication with the vapor accumulation chamber and in fluid communication with an egress port. The heating element is activated by a user control of a switch on a battery, which causes the concentrate contained within the frit filter to vaporize, and the user inhales resulting vapor by inhaling at the egress port of the vapor evacuation channel.

A multi-stage fluid conditioning system having a housing with a fluid inlet and outlet. A shaft extends within the housing and supports a first fan unit with a first magnet/electromagnet plate on an inlet side of said housing and a second fan unit with a second magnet/electromagnet supporting plate on an outlet side of the housing. Each of the first and second magnet/electromagnet supporting plates include at least one vane configured to direct fluid flow. The shaft rotates the plates in order to draw a fluid flow through the inlet and successively across the inlet and outlet sides for thermal conditioning resulting from creation of high frequency oscillating magnetic fields according to a succeeding conditioning operations before being outputted the conditioned fluid from the housing through the fluid outlet.