This invention relates to a novel screening method that identifies simple molecular markers that are predictive of whether a particular disease condition is responsive to a specific treatment. Also, a method of diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from a disease to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor is provided. Also provided is a method of treating a proliferative disease or a condition which involves a change in cell differentiation or growth rate in a patient.

The present disclosure provides compositions with a modulating gene expression and methods for modulating transcription.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. Aminopyridines channel blocking, combined with buffering and zwitterionic charge states make promising therapies for myelin diseases.

Provided is a compound that comprises the structure: ##STR00001## where SIG is a signaling molecule and R.sup.3 is a formyl, a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, or a myristoyl. Also provided is a kit is provided that comprises the above compound, with instructions for determining the presence of the enzyme. Additionally, a method is provided for determining whether a sample has an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine. Also provided is a method of determining whether a molecule inhibits an enzyme that removes a succinyl, a methyl succinyl, a formyl, or a myristoyl moiety from an -amino of a lysine.

A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound. The compound is useful in therapy, for the treatment of disorders mediated by HDAC6, such as autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative disorders and hyperproliferative disorders, such as cancer.

##STR00001##

Engineered CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases with improved specificity and their use in genomic engineering, epigenomic engineering, genome targeting, and genome editing.

The present disclosure provides methods in which adherent cells are treated with small molecules, cultured, lysed, and then analyzed by mass spectrometry to measure the activities of endogenous enzymes. The implementation of this method relies on the use of surfaces that are nanopatterned with cell adhesion ligands to mediate cell attachment and a peptide that is a substrate for the desired enzyme activity in the lysate.

The present invention relates to Abhydrolase containing domain 5 (ABHD5) and N-terminal fragments of HDAC4 (HDAC4-NT) and variants of the aforementioned peptides for the treatment and prevention of heart failure. The present invention further provides vectors for the cardiomyocyte-specific expression of said peptides and a test system comprising ABHD5 for the identification of novel compounds which are useful for the treatment of heart failure.

The invention provides methods for producing a plant with increased stress-tolerance and yield, as well as chimeric genes for use according to the methods and plant comprising such chimeric genes.

Disclosed herein are viral vectors for use in methods of developing HDAC-depleted cells. Disclosed herein are methods of increasing packaging capacity, increasing the titer, increasing the expression capacity, and decreasing the immunogenicity and/or toxicity of an optimized viral vector generated in HDAC-depleted cells.