Provided is a microorganism that is able to produce 2-phenylethanol at a high concentration, and a method of efficiently producing 2-phenylethanol by using a saccharide as a raw material. Provided is a coryneform bacterium transformant in which a shikimate pathway is activated, and further, a gene that encodes an enzyme having phenylpyruvate decarboxylase activity is introduced in such a manner that the gene can be expressed. Also provided is a 2-phenylethanol producing method that includes causing the coryneform bacterium transformant according to the present disclosure to react in water containing a saccharide.

The present disclosure provides approaches for reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in tobacco. Some of these approaches include genetically engineering tobacco plants to increase one or more antioxidants, increase oxygen radicle absorbance capacity (ORAC), increase phenylalanine, or reduce nitrite. Also provided are methods and compositions for producing modified tobacco plants and tobacco products therefrom comprising reduced TSNAs.

The invention provides genetically engineered microorganisms and methods for producing chorismate-derived products, such as para-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylate, 2-aminobenzoate, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate, and 4-hydroxycyclohexane carboxylic acid. Typically, the microorganism comprises at least one of (a) an exogenous chorismate pyruvate lyase, (b) an exogenous isochorismate synthase, (c) an exogenous isochorismate pyruvate lyase, and (d) a prephenate synthase comprising a disruptive mutation.

The present disclosure provides a recombinant Escherichia coli for producing chlorogenic acid and application thereof. In the present disclosure, tyrosine ammonia-lyase FjTAL derived from Flavobacterium johnsoniae, hpaBC derived from E. coli, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase mutant aroG.sup.fbr, chorismate mutase tyrC derived from Zymomonas mobilis, quinic acid/shikimate-5 dehydrogenase ydiB derived from E. coli, hydroxycinnamoyl CoA:quinic acid transferase NtHQT derived from Nicotiana tabacum, and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase At4CL1 derived from Arabidopsis thaliana are expressed in the recombinant E. coli, thereby constructing a chlorogenic acid biosynthesis pathway in E. coli. Then, the aroB gene and gldA gene derived from E. coli are overexpressed, and an endogenous gene menI is knocked out from the recombinant E. coli. The recombinant strain produced chlorogenic acid by fermentation at a titer of up to 638.2 mg/L in a shake flask or at a titer of 2.8 g/L in a 5-L fermenter.

The present invention provides a method for producing an aromatic compound such as salicylic acid and a derivative thereof with high productivity using a microorganism. The present invention provides: a method for producing a microorganism having a sugar metabolic pathway modified, including suppressing the expression of a gene encoding a phosphotransferase system enzyme of the microorganism, suppressing the expression of a gene encoding pyruvate kinase of the microorganism, and introducing, into the microorganism, one or more genes encoding an enzyme that enables the microorganism to synthesize an aromatic compound from chorismic acid or isochorismic acid; a modified microorganism obtained by the method; and a method for producing an aromatic compound and a derivative thereof, including culturing the microorganism, and recovering an aromatic compound or the like from the culture.

Recombinant hosts and methods for producing resveratrol in recombinant hosts are disclosed herein.

The present disclosure provides approaches for reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in tobacco. Some of these approaches include genetically engineering tobacco plants to increase one or more antioxidants, increase oxygen radicle absorbance capacity (ORAC), increase phenylalanine, or reduce nitrite. Also provided are methods and compositions for producing modified tobacco plants and tobacco products therefrom comprising reduced TSNAs.

A method for producing an L-amino acid is described, for example, L-phenylalanine and L-histidine, by fermentation using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, wherein the bacterium has been modified by attaching a DNA fragment able to be transcribed encoding the peptide represented in SEQ ID NO: 2, or a variant thereof, particularly a portion of the ssrA gene, to the 3-end of gene encoding for the bacterial enzyme, which influences on the L-amino acid biosynthesis, such as chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase or phosphoglucose isomerase.

The invention provides a recombinant microbial host cell capable of converting a raw material comprising a fermentable carbon substrate to o-aminobenzoate biologically. The invention further provides a method for producing aniline, comprising the steps of: a) producing o-aminobenzoate by fermentation of a raw material comprising at least one fermentable carbon substrate using the recombinant microbial host cell of the capable of converting said raw material comprising at least one fermentable carbon substrate to o-aminobenzoate biologically, wherein said o-aminobenzoate comprises anthranilate anion, b) converting said o-aminobenzoate from said anthranilate anion to anthranilic acid by acid protonation, c) recovering said anthranilic acid by precipitation or by dissolving in an organic solvent, and d) converting said anthranilic acid to aniline by thermal decarboxylation in an organic solvent.

Disclosed herein are improved methods for production of 2-phenylethanol by microbial fermentation of substrates comprising carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide and further disclosed are genetically modified microorganisms for use in such methods that alleviate dependence on natural and petrochemical processes.