The disclosure describes the effects of transcription mediated from a promoter on the transcription mediated by divergently coupled supercoiling-sensitive promoter. Transcription initiated from a promoter inhibits transcription mediated by a specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to the promoter. A gyrase inhibitor relieves this inhibition and substantially increases the transcription mediated by the specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to another promoter. Accordingly, the invention pertains to a method for identifying a compound as a gyrase inhibitor or not a gyrase inhibitor based on differential expression of genes under the control of divergently coupled promoters in the presence of the compound. Another embodiment of the invention provides an assay for identifying one or more compounds from a library of compounds as a gyrase inhibitor. Polynucleotides and cells containing such polynucleotides that are suitable for carrying out the methods described herein are also provided.

The disclosure describes the effects of transcription mediated from a promoter on the transcription mediated by divergently coupled supercoiling-sensitive promoter. Transcription initiated from a promoter inhibits transcription mediated by a specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to the promoter. A gyrase inhibitor relieves this inhibition and substantially increases the transcription mediated by the specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to another promoter. Accordingly, the invention pertains to a method for identifying a compound as a gyrase inhibitor or not a gyrase inhibitor based on differential expression of genes under the control of divergently coupled promoters in the presence of the compound. Another embodiment of the invention provides an assay for identifying one or more compounds from a library of compounds as a gyrase inhibitor. Polynucleotides and cells containing such polynucleotides that are suitable for carrying out the methods described herein are also provided.

The disclosure describes the effects of transcription mediated from a promoter on the transcription mediated by divergently coupled supercoiling-sensitive promoter. Transcription initiated from a promoter inhibits transcription mediated by a specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to the promoter. A gyrase inhibitor relieves this inhibition and substantially increases the transcription mediated by the specific supercoiling-sensitive promoter that is divergently coupled to another promoter. Accordingly, the invention pertains to a method for identifying a compound as a gyrase inhibitor or not a gyrase inhibitor based on differential expression of genes under the control of divergently coupled promoters in the presence of the compound. Another embodiment of the invention provides an assay for identifying one or more compounds from a library of compounds as a gyrase inhibitor. Polynucleotides and cells containing such polynucleotides that are suitable for carrying out the methods described herein are also provided.

The present invention relates to a fusion protein comprising a Cas9 domain and a Spo11 domain, as well as the use of this protein to induce targeted meiotic recombinations in a eukaryotic cell.

The invention relates to modified helicases with reduced unbinding from polynucleotides. The helicases can be used to control the movement of polynucleotides and are particularly useful for sequencing polynucleotides.

The present invention is based on the seminal discovery that FANA antisense oligonucleotides inhibit the growth of bacteria harbored within plant-feeding insects, wherein the insect is chewing or feeding from the xylem, phloem, or mesophyll. Specifically, the use of FANA antisense oligonucleotides decreases the expression of target RNA or DNA and inhibits growth of CLas within the psyllid D. citri, which then prevents the transmission of CLas from D. citri to a citrus tree, or of CLso within the psyllid Bactericera cockerelli which prevents the transmission of CLso from Bactericera cockerelli to a Solanaceous plant. Specifically, the use of FANA antisense oligonucleotides decreases the expression of target RNA or DNA and inhibits growth of CLas within the host plant, citrus or Solanaceous, which then prevents the transmission of CLas from D. citri to a citrus tree, or which prevents the transmission of CLso from Bactericera cockerelli to a Solanaceous plant.

The invention relates to modified helicases with reduced unbinding from polynucleotides. The helicases can be used to control the movement of polynucleotides and are particularly useful for sequencing polynucleotides.