The present invention relates to a yeast cell, in particular a recombinant yeast cell, the cell lacking enzymatic activity needed for the NADH-dependent glycerol synthesis or the cell having a reduced enzymatic activity with respect to the NADH-dependent glycerol synthesis compared to its corresponding wild-type yeast cell, the cell comprising one or more heterologous nucleic acid sequences encoding an NAD.sup.+-dependent acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.10) activity. The invention further relates to the use of a cell according to the invention in the preparation of ethanol.

The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms containing a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms selectively produce a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid of a specified length. Also provided are non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a fatty alcohol, fatty aldehyde or fatty acid pathway, wherein the microbial organisms further include an acetyl-CoA pathway. In some aspects, the microbial organisms of the invention have select gene disruptions or enzyme attenuations that increase production of fatty alcohols, fatty aldehydes or fatty acids. The invention additionally provides methods of using the above microbial organisms to produce a fatty alcohol, a fatty aldehyde or a fatty acid.

The present invention relates to the provision of genetically modified fungal cells, such as yeast cells with an improved ability for producing different fatty acids and specifically fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), the main components of biodiesel. An increased in fatty acid production, and hence in FAEE, is obtained in the first place by expressing different heterologous polypeptides in combination with the down-regulation, attenuation, deletion or over-expression of specially selected genes, wherein said genes encode enzymes involved in the fatty acids synthesizing pathway, fatty acid consuming pathways, carbohydrate biosynthesis pathways or enzyme acting as wax ester transporters or a combination thereof. The methods and products of the invention would allow large-scale production of FAEE with carbohydrates as the only externally-supplied substrate.

The present disclosure provides microbial organisms having decreased production of unwanted by-products (e.g, pyruvate-, CO.sub.2—, TCA-derived by-products; acetate; ethanol; and/or, alanine) to enhance carbon flux through acetyl-CoA, which can increase production of acetyl-CoA derived compounds (e.g, 1,3-BDO, MMA, and (3R)-hydroxybutyl (3R)-hydroxybutyrate, or any other acetyl-CoA derived compounds), and products made from any of these compounds. Also provided are one or more exogenous nucleic acids encoding enzymes that can decrease production of unwanted by-products (e.g, aldehyde dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA synthase, amino acid dehydrogenase, alanine racemase, and/or citrate synthase), and/or one or more gene attenuations occurring in genes (e.g., acetolactate synthase) that result in decreased production of unwanted by-products. Various combinations of the exogenous nucleic acids and gene deletions are also provided in the present disclosure. Methods of making and using the same, including methods for culturing cells, and for the production of the various products are also provided.

Cell that is genetically modified comprising: a) one or more nucleotide sequence encoding a NAD.sub.+-dependent acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.2.1.10); b) one or more nucleotide sequence encoding a acetyl-CoA synthetase (E.C. 6.2.1.1); c) one or more nucleotide sequence encoding a glycerol dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.6); and d) one or more nucleotide sequence encoding a dihydroxyacetone kinase (E.C. 2.7.1.28 or E.C. 2.7.1.29).

The present disclosure belongs to the field of bioengineering, and relates to breeding of industrial microorganisms, in particular to a genetically engineered strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, method for constructing the same, and its use for brewing, the genetically engineered strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae heterogeneously overexpresses an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene ALD6, an acetyl-CoA synthase gene ACS1 and an alcohol acyltransferase gene AeAT9. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with high yield of ethyl acetate and low yield of higher alcohols provided by the present disclosure not only maintains excellent ethanol fermentation characteristics, but also reducing the production of higher alcohols which adversely affect the comfort after drinking, which is of great significance for a well-maintained and strengthened flavor characteristics of Chinese Baijiu, an improved and stabilized quality thereof, and even a reform in the fermentation process thereof.

A method is provided for biosynthetic production of cannabinoids in microorganisms from a carbon source precursor. This method describes the genetic modifications needed to engineer microorganisms to produce cannabinoids as well as a method for identifying and quantifying cannabinoids from fermentation broth. A system is also provided for tuning the method to produce different cannabinoids of interest by systematically modulating the enzymes encoded by the genetic modifications introduced in the microorganism.

The invention describes a process for the production of ethanol from a composition comprising glucose and between 50 μM and 100 mM acetic acid, said process comprising fermenting said composition in the presence of a recombinant yeast which is capable to convert acetic acid anaerobically; maintaining the amount of undissociated acetic acid at a value of at least 50 μM; and recovering the ethanol. Said process is useful for both starch and cellulosic based, acetic acid containing hydrolysates and advantageously results in a greater consumption of acetic acid and thus higher ethanol yields.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for producing cannabinoids in photosynthetic microorganisms, e.g., cyanobacteria.

The present invention belongs to the bioengineering field, and relates to a method for fermentation production of L-theanine by using an Escherichia coli genetically engineered bacterium. The engineered bacterium is obtained by serving a strain as an original strain, wherein the strain is obtained after performing a single copy of T7RNAP, a dual copy of gmas, xylR knockout, and sucCD knockout on an Escherichia coli W3110 genome, and by integrating genes xfp, pta, acs, gltA, and ppc, and knocking out ackA on the genome. The present invention has a high yield, and stable production performance; after 20-25 h, L-theanine has a titer of 75-80 g/L, and the yield is up to 52-55%. The fermentation broth is purified by membrane separation in combination with a cation-anion resin series technique. Moreover, the one-step crystallization yield is 72.3% and the L-theanine final product has a purity of 99%.