A mixture for coating a metal substrate to prevent or limit scale formation. The mixture comprises 20 to 90% by weight of at least one of: an oxide ceramic material, an aluminosilicate mineral or glass frit. The mixture further comprises 1 to 20% by weight of clay and 3 to 70% by weight of an alkali metal silicate.

A cold-rolled or hot-rolled steel strip having a metal coating, the steel strip having iron as the main constituent and, in addition to carbon, an Mn content of 4.1 to 8.0 wt. % and optionally one or more of the alloy elements Al, Si, Cr, B, Ti, V, Nb and/or Mo. The surface of the uncoated steel strip is cleaned, a layer of pure iron is applied to the cleaned surface, an oxygen-containing iron-based layer is applied to the layer of pure iron and contains more than five mass percent oxygen. The steel strip is then annealed and, to attain a surface consisting substantially of metallic iron, is subjected to a reduction treatment in a reducing furnace while being annealed. The steel strip is then coated with the metallic coating by hot dipping. Uniform and reproducible adhesion conditions are hereby achieved for the metallic coating on the steel strip surface.

The present invention relates to a coated substrate material. The substrate can be a steel alloy and the microstructure in the steel alloy can be altered with a low temperature coating process. The present invention also relates to a method to coat the substrate at the low temperature. The present invention also relates to a coating wherein the melting temperature of the coating is reduced with a dopant compared to the melting temperature without the dopant. The present invention also relates to a method to make the coating with the dopant.

A high-frequency heating method for a hot stamping process includes: a first heating step of high-frequency heating a steel sheet, which has an aluminum (Al) coating layer formed on an iron (Fe)-based base material, to a first target temperature at a first heating rate; a second heating step of melting the coating layer by high-frequency heating the steel sheet, which has passed through the first heating step, to a second target temperature at a second heating rate, wherein the second heating rate is lower than the first heating rate; and a third heating step of high-frequency heating the steel sheet, which has passed through the second heating step, to a third target temperature at a third heating rate, wherein the third heating rate is lower than the second heating rate. A compound is formed by a reaction between a material of the coating layer and a material of the base material in the second heating step. Therefore, the coating layer is not shifted even when high-frequency heating is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the coating layer.

An on-line intelligent control method for the cooling characteristics of a quenching liquid in heat treatment production includes the steps of: step 1: subjecting a workpiece to thermal insulation; step 2: measuring the cooling characteristics and the heat transfer coefficient of a quenching liquid followed by correction; step 3: starting cooling; step 4: then changing the internal circulation rate; and step 5: removing the workpiece. This scheme can effectively avoid the problem that the cooling of a workpiece in industrial production deviates from the ideal cooling characteristics of a quenching liquid obtained in a laboratory.

A coated steel substrate including a coating comprising nanographite having a lateral size between 1 and 60 m and a binder, wherein the steel substrate has the following compositions in weight percent: 0.31C1.2%, 0.1Si1.7%, 0.15Mn1.1%, P0.01%, S0.1%, Cr1.0%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.1%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb0.05%, B0.003%, Ti0.06%, Cu0.1%, Co0.1%, N0.01%, V0.05%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration and a method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate.

A coated steel substrate including a coating comprising nanographite having a lateral size between 1 and 60 m and a binder, wherein the steel substrate has the following compositions in weight percent: 0.31C1.2%, 0.1Si1.7%, 0.15Mn1.1%, P0.01%, S0.1%, Cr1.0%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.1%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb0.05%, B0.003%, Ti0.06%, Cu0.1%, Co0.1%, N0.01%, V0.05%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration and a method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate.

A coated steel substrate including a coating including nanographite having a lateral size between 1 and 60 m and a binder, wherein the steel substrate has the following compositions in weight percent: 0.31C1.2%, 0.1Si1.7%, 0.7Mn3.0%, P0.01%, S0.1%, Cr0.5%, Ni0.5%, Mo0.1%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb0.05%, B0.003%, Ti0.06%, Cu0.1%, Co0.1%, N0.01%, V0.05%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration; and a method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate.

A coated steel substrate including a coating including nanographite having a lateral size between 1 and 60 m and a binder, wherein the steel substrate has the following compositions in weight percent: 0.31C1.2%, 0.1Si1.7%, 0.7Mn3.0%, P0.01%, S0.1%, Cr0.5%, Ni0.5%, Mo0.1%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb0.05%, B0.003%, Ti0.06%, Cu0.1%, Co0.1%, N0.01%, V0.05%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration; and a method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate.

A coated steel substrate including a coating including nanographite having a lateral size between 1 and 60 m and a binder including sodium silicate or a binder including aluminum sulfate and an additive being alumina, wherein the steel substrate has the following compositions in weight percent: 0.31C1.2%, 0.1Si1.7%, 0.15Mn3.0%, P0.01%, S0.1%, Cr1.0%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.1%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as Nb0.05%, B0.003%, Ti0.06%, Cu0.1%, Co0.1%, N0.01%, V0.05%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration and a method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate.