A method for making a brake disc may include providing a disc brake with a braking band and depositing on the disc a layer of chromium carbide and nickel-chromium in particle form to form a base protective coating. The method may also include depositing on the base protective coating a material in particle form consisting of tungsten carbide, iron, chromium and aluminium to form a surface protective coating made of tungsten carbide, iron, chromium and aluminium. Both protective coatings may be made by High Velocity Oxygen Fuel or High Velocity Air Fuel or Kinetic Metallization techniques.

A method for forming a reinforced metallic structure includes providing a tool having a formation surface corresponding to a desired structure shape of the reinforced metallic structure. The method also includes positioning a plurality of fibers on the formation surface of the tool. The method also includes depositing a layer of material on the plurality of fibers using a cold-spray technique. The method also includes removing the layer of material with the plurality of fibers from the tool to create the reinforced metallic structure.

A method for forming a reinforced metallic structure includes providing a tool having a formation surface corresponding to a desired structure shape of the reinforced metallic structure. The method also includes positioning a plurality of fibers on the formation surface of the tool. The method also includes depositing a layer of material on the plurality of fibers using a cold-spray technique. The method also includes removing the layer of material with the plurality of fibers from the tool to create the reinforced metallic structure.

A coated substrate has a substrate and a coating system having one or more ceramic layers. At least a first layer of one of the one or more ceramic layers is a columnar layer having as-deposited columns and intercolumn gaps. The intercolumn gaps have a mean width at least one of: at least 4.0 micrometers; and at least 1.5% of a thickness of said first layer.

Disclosed is a coating material for coating a surface of a kiln for preparing an active material, the coating material being represented by the following Formula 1:

Ni.sub.aX.sub.z  (1) wherein an equation of a+z=1 is satisfied, with the proviso that 0.2≤a<1.0 and 0<z≤0.8 are satisfied, and X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of W, Cr, Co, Fe, Cu, Na, Al, Mg, Si, Zn, K, Ti, Mo, N, B, P, C, Ta, Nb, O, Mn, Sn, Ag and Zr, or an alloy or compound of two or more elements selected therefrom.

Disclosed is a coating material for coating a surface of a kiln for preparing an active material, the coating material being represented by the following Formula 1:

Ni.sub.aX.sub.z  (1) wherein an equation of a+z=1 is satisfied, with the proviso that 0.2≤a<1.0 and 0<z≤0.8 are satisfied, and X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of W, Cr, Co, Fe, Cu, Na, Al, Mg, Si, Zn, K, Ti, Mo, N, B, P, C, Ta, Nb, O, Mn, Sn, Ag and Zr, or an alloy or compound of two or more elements selected therefrom.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alloy product which has both of high corrosion resistance enough to withstand severe corrosive/high-temperature environments and mechanical properties equivalent to or better than those of stainless steel, and which can be produced at lower cost than a Ni-based alloy. The Cr—Fe—Ni-based alloy product of the present invention is a product produced using a Cr—Fe—Ni-based alloy containing Cr as a largest-content component, wherein the product has such a microstructure that a dual-phase structure having a ferrite phase and an austenite phase coexisting therein serves as a matrix phase and an L1.sub.2-type Ni-based intermetallic compound phase is dispersed and precipitated in the austenite phase.

Provided is an optical film (composite tungsten oxide film containing cesium, tungsten, and oxygen), a sputtering target, and a method of producing an optical film by which film formation conditions can be easily obtained. An optical film of the present invention has transmissivity in a visible wavelength band, has absorbance in a near-infrared wavelength band, and has radio wave transparency, characterized in that the optical film comprises cesium, tungsten, and oxygen, and a refractive index n and an extinction coefficient k of the optical film at each of wavelengths [300 nm, 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm, . . . , 1700 nm] specified at 50 nm intervals in a wavelength region from 300 nm to 1700 nm are set respectively within specified numerical ranges.

Iron-based braze filler alloys having unexpectedly narrow melting temperature ranges, low solidus and low liquidus temperatures, as determined by Differential Scanning calorimetry (DSC), while exhibiting high temperature corrosion resistance, good wetting, and spreading, without deleterious significant boride formation into the base metal, and that can be brazed below 1,100 C contains a) nickel in an amount of from 0% to 35% by weight, b) chromium in an amount of from 0% to 25% by weight, c) silicon in an amount of from 4% to 9% by weight, d) phosphorous in an amount of from 5% to 11% by weight, e) boron in an amount of from 0% to 1% by weight, and f) the balance being iron, the percentages of a) to f) adding up to 100% by weight. The braze filler alloys or metals have sufficient high temperature corrosion resistance to withstand high temperature conditions of Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers.

A composite structure with an aluminum-based alloy layer containing boron carbide and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The composite structure includes a substrate with an open hole in that surface and the aluminum-based alloy layer containing boron carbide. The aluminum-based alloy layer is disposed in the open hole and contains aluminum, boron, carbon, and oxygen, wherein the content of aluminum is between 4 at. % and 55 at. %, the content of boron is between 9 at. % and 32 at. %, the content of carbon is between 13 at. % and 32 at. %, the content of oxygen is between 2 at. % and 38 at. %, and the ratio of the content of boron to carbon is between 0.3 and 2.7.