A method for coating heat transfer components to impart superhydrophobicity comprises conveying one or more heat transfer components to a cleaning station, where the one or more heat transfer components are cleaned with an organic solvent. After the cleaning, the one or more heat transfer components are conveyed to a nanostructuring station and immersed in hot water for surface oxidation and roughening. After the immersion in hot water, the one or more heat transfer components are conveyed to a functionalization station and exposed to a heated precursor vapor comprising a hydrophobic species. During the exposure, the hydrophobic species is deposited on roughened surfaces of the one or more heat transfer components, thereby forming a superhydrophobic coating. Prior to being conveyed to the cleaning station, the one or more heat transfer components may be attached to an automated conveyor system positioned to traverse the cleaning, nanostructuring, and functionalization stations.

A method for coating heat transfer components to impart superhydrophobicity comprises conveying one or more heat transfer components to a cleaning station, where the one or more heat transfer components are cleaned with an organic solvent. After the cleaning, the one or more heat transfer components are conveyed to a nanostructuring station and immersed in hot water for surface oxidation and roughening. After the immersion in hot water, the one or more heat transfer components are conveyed to a functionalization station and exposed to a heated precursor vapor comprising a hydrophobic species. During the exposure, the hydrophobic species is deposited on roughened surfaces of the one or more heat transfer components, thereby forming a superhydrophobic coating. Prior to being conveyed to the cleaning station, the one or more heat transfer components may be attached to an automated conveyor system positioned to traverse the cleaning, nanostructuring, and functionalization stations.

A composite structure for an electric energy storage device is envisioned. The structure is made of a metal substrate and a metal oxide layer disposed over a majority of the metal substrate with the metal oxide layer being comprised of a first and second metals. Carbon nanotubes are disposed on the metal oxide layer. In an embodiment the first metal and the second metal are each selected from a group consisting of: iron, nickel, aluminum, cobalt, copper, chromium, and gold.

A composite structure for an electric energy storage device is envisioned. The structure is made of a metal substrate and a metal oxide layer disposed over a majority of the metal substrate with the metal oxide layer being comprised of a first and second metals. Carbon nanotubes are disposed on the metal oxide layer. In an embodiment the first metal and the second metal are each selected from a group consisting of: iron, nickel, aluminum, cobalt, copper, chromium, and gold.

An anti-coking nanomaterial based on a stainless steel surface. In percentage by weight, the nanomaterial comprises: 0 to 3% of carbon, 23% to 38% of oxygen, 38% to 53% of chromium, 10% to 35% of ferrum, 0 to 2% of molybdenum, 0 to 4% of nickel, 3.5 to 5% of silicon, 0 to 1% of calcium, and the balance of impurity elements. Also disclosed are a preparation method for the anti-coking nanomaterial, the anti-coking nanomaterial that is based on a stainless steel surface and that is prepared by using the preparation method, and a stainless steel substrate comprising the anti-coking nanocrystalline material.

An anti-coking nanomaterial based on a stainless steel surface. In percentage by weight, the nanomaterial comprises: 0 to 3% of carbon, 23% to 38% of oxygen, 38% to 53% of chromium, 10% to 35% of ferrum, 0 to 2% of molybdenum, 0 to 4% of nickel, 3.5 to 5% of silicon, 0 to 1% of calcium, and the balance of impurity elements. Also disclosed are a preparation method for the anti-coking nanomaterial, the anti-coking nanomaterial that is based on a stainless steel surface and that is prepared by using the preparation method, and a stainless steel substrate comprising the anti-coking nanocrystalline material.

There is provided a roughened copper foil which can significantly improve adhesion to an insulating resin and reliability (e.g., hygroscopic heat resistance). The roughened copper foil of the present invention has at least one roughened surface having fine irregularities composed of acicular crystals, wherein the entire surface of the acicular crystals is composed of a mixed phase of Cu metal and Cu.sub.2O.

There is provided a roughened copper foil which can significantly improve adhesion to an insulating resin and reliability (e.g., hygroscopic heat resistance). The roughened copper foil of the present invention has at least one roughened surface having fine irregularities composed of acicular crystals, wherein the entire surface of the acicular crystals is composed of a mixed phase of Cu metal and Cu.sub.2O.

in an aluminium-based coating for steel sheets or steel strips, the coating includes an aluminium-based coat applied in a hot-dip coating method, a covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide being arranged on the coat. The covering layer is produced by plasma oxidation and/or hot water treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C., and/or steam treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C. Alternatively, the covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide can be produced by anodic oxidation, the coat being produced in a molten bath with a Si content of between 8 and 12 wt. %, and an Fe content of between 1 and 4 wt. %, the remainder being aluminium.

in an aluminium-based coating for steel sheets or steel strips, the coating includes an aluminium-based coat applied in a hot-dip coating method, a covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide being arranged on the coat. The covering layer is produced by plasma oxidation and/or hot water treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C., and/or steam treatment at temperatures of at least 90 C., advantageously at least 95 C. Alternatively, the covering layer containing aluminium oxide and/or hydroxide can be produced by anodic oxidation, the coat being produced in a molten bath with a Si content of between 8 and 12 wt. %, and an Fe content of between 1 and 4 wt. %, the remainder being aluminium.